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1053 | The Norman Robert Guiscard conquers southern Italy and founds Norman empire there |
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1056 | Beginning of the democratic Pataria movement in Milan |
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1059 | Treaty of Melfi: Robert Guiscard and Richard of Aversa, Prince of Capua, become papal vassals |
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1061 | Normans conquer Messina |
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1071 | Normans conquer last Byzantine possessions in Italy |
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1072 | Normans under Robert Guiscard conquer Palermo |
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1101 | Roger II, Count of Sicily |
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1113 | Balearic Islands conquered by Pisa |
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1115 | Florence becomes free republic |
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1130 | Roger II crowned King of Sicily at Palermo |
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1135 | Foundation of the Italian line of the House of Este |
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1144 | Republican regime established in Rome under Arnold of Brescia |
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1158 | Frederick Barbarossa makes Vladislav II King of Bohemia |
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1162 | Frederick Barbarossa destroys Milan |
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1165 | Byzantium allies with Venice against the Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa |
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1172 | The Venice Grand Council restricts the powers of the doges |
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1174 | The Emperor Frederick I buys Tuscany, Spoleto, Sardinia, and Corsica from Welf VI |
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1176 | The Emperor Frederick I defeated by the Lombard League at Legnano |
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1177 | Peace of Venice between Emperor Frederick I and Pope Alexander III |
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1183 | Peace of Constance: Lombard League recognised under imperial overlordship |
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1186 | Henry VI, son of Frederick Barbarossa, marries Constance, heiress of Sicily, and assumes title of Caesar |
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1194 | Henry VI conquers Sicily and is crowned King of Sicily |
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1197 | The Emperor Henry VI dies; succeeded by Otto IV |
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1202 | Fourth Crusade under Boniface of Montferrat |
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1204 | Crusaders take Constantinople and establish Latin Empire |
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1220 | Frederick II crowned emperor in Rome, his son Henry being elected Ger. king |
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1235 | Rebellion of his son Henry VII suppressed by Frederick II; Henry imprisoned |
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1256 | "Hundred Years War" between Venice and Genoa |
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1258 | Manfred, illegitimate son of Frederick II, crowned King of Sicily at Palermo |
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1296 | Frederick II, King of Sicily |
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1299 | Treaties between Venice and the Turks, and France and Germany |
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1310 | Council of Ten established in Venice |
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1347 | Cola di Rienzi, tribune of the people, rules Rome from April until December
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Related Articles/Works
Conflicts
Notables| Music | Francesco Landini
|
| Art | Cenni di Pepi (Cimabue)
Giotto di Bondone
Pietro Cavallini
Duccio di Buoninsegna
|
| Literature | Alighieri Dante
Francesco Petrarca (Petrarch)
Giovanni Boccaccio
|
| History | Frederick II
Marco Polo
|
| Religion | Blessed Victor III, Pope
Honorius III, Pope
Innocent III, Pope
Francis of Assisi, Saint
Blessed Gregory X, Pope
Nicholas III, Pope
Honorius IV, Pope
St. Celestine V, Pope
Bonaventura, Saint
Bonaventure, St
Thomas Aquinas, Saint
Nicholas IV, Pope
Blessed Benedict XI, Pope
Honorius II, Pope
Innocent II, Pope
Lucius II, Pope
Blessed Eugene III, Pope
Anastasius IV, Pope
Lucius III, Pope
Urban III, Pope
Celestine IV, Pope
Gregory V, Pope
Innocent IV, Pope
Adrian V, Pope
Alexander II, Pope
St. Gregory VII, Pope
Gelasius II, Pope
Paschal II, Pope
Gregory VIII, Pope
Alexander III, Pope
Celestine III, Pope
Gregory IX, Pope
Alexander IV, Pope
Boniface VIII, Pope
Fina, Saint
Lanfranc
Anselm, St
|
| Philosophy | Peter the Lombard
Peter Lombard
|
Maps
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