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History of Philosophy
Oriental Philosophy
by Turner, William (S.T.D.)
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In the doctrines by means of which the Babylonians, Chinese, Hindus,
Egyptians, and other Oriental peoples sought to formulate their
thoughts concerning the origin of the universe and the nature and
destiny of man, the religious element predominates over the natural or
rational explanation. An adequate account of these doctrines belongs,
therefore, to the History of Religions rather than to the History of
Philosophy. While, however, this is so, and while the task of
separating the religious from the philosophical element of thought in
the Oriental systems of speculation is by no means easy, some account
of these systems must be given before we pass to the study of Western
thought.
Sources. The most important collection of primary sources is
The Sacred Books of the East, edited by Max Müller (Oxford,
1879 ff.). For a complete list of secondary sources and recent studies
on the religious systems of the East, consult Lehrbuch der
Religionsgeschichte, von P. D. Chantepie de la Saussaye, Bd. II (2.
Aufl., Freiburg im B., 1897). Consult also Ueberweg, History of
Philosophy, trans. by Morris (New York, 1872), Vol. I, pp. 15, 16.
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