|
|
| & etc |
FEEDBACK
(C)1998-2012
All Rights Reserved.
Site last updated
13 January, 2012
|
|
|
|
Early Britain--Roman Britain
Bibliography
by Conybeare, Edward
|
A complete Bibliography of Roman Britain would
be wholly beyond the scope of the present work.
Much of the most valuable material, indeed, has never
been published in book form, and must be sought out
in the articles of the 'Antiquary,' 'Hermes,' etc., and
the reports of the many local Archaeological Societies.
All that is here attempted is to indicate some of the
more valuable of the many scores of sources to which
my pages are indebted.
To begin with the ancient authorities. These range
through upwards of a thousand years; from Herodotus
in the 5th century before Christ, to Gildas in the 6th
century after. From about 100 A.D. onwards we
find that almost every known classical authority
makes more or less mention of Britain. A list of
over a hundred such authors is given in the 'Monumenta
Historica Britannica'; and upwards of fifty
are quoted in this present work. Historians, poets,
geographers, naturalists, statesmen, ecclesiastics, all
give touches which help out our delineation of Roman
Britain.
Amongst the historians the most important are—Caesar,
who tells his own tale; Tacitus, to whom we
owe our main knowledge of the Conquest, with the
later stages of which he was contemporary; Dion
Cassius, who wrote his history in the next century,
the 2nd A.D.;3 the various Imperial biographers
of the 3rd century; the Imperial panegyrists of
the 4th, along with Ammianus Marcellinus, who
towards the close of that century connects and supplements
their stories; Claudian, the poet-historian of
the 5th century, whose verses throw a lurid gleam on
his own disastrous age, when Roman authority in
Britain was at its last gasp; and finally the British
writers, Nennius and Gildas, whose "monotonous
plaint" shows that authority dead and gone, with the
first stirring of our new national life already quickening
amid the decay.
Of geographical and general information we gain
most from Strabo, in the Augustan age, who tells what
earlier and greater geographers than himself had
already discovered about our island; Pliny the
Elder, who, in the next century, found the ethnology
and botany of Britain so valuable for his
'Natural History'; Ptolemy, a generation later yet,
who includes an elaborate survey of our island in his
stupendous Atlas (as it would now be called) of the
world;4 and the unknown compilers of the 'Itinerary,'
the 'Notitia,' and the 'Ravenna Geography.' To these
must be added the epigrammatist Martial, who lived
at the time of the Conquest, and whose references to
British matters throw a precious light on the social
connection between Britain and Rome which aids us
to trace something of the earliest dawn of Christianity
in our land.[5]
[3]
His later books only survive in the epitome of Xiphilinus, a Byzantine writer of the 13th century.
[4]
See p. 171.
[5]
See p. 256.
Ancient Authorities Referred to in this Work
| NAME. | REFERENCE. | APPROXIMATE DATE, ETC. |
| Aelian | III. A. 6 | A.D. 220. Naturalist. |
| Appian | IV. D. 1 | A.D. 140. Historian. |
| Aristides | V.E. 4 | A.D. 160. Orator. |
| Aristotle | I.C. 1 | B.C. 333. Philosopher. |
| St. Athanasius | V.B. 1, etc. | A.D. 333. Theologian. |
| Ausonius | V.B. 7 | A.D. 380. Poet. |
| Caesar | V. etc. | B.C. 55. Historian. |
| Capitolinus | IV. E. 3 | A.D. 290. Imperial Biographer. |
| Catullus | V.E. 4 | B.C. 33. Poet. |
| St. Chrysostom | V.E. 15, etc. | A.D. 380. Theologian. |
| Cicero | I.D. 3, etc. | B.C. 55. Orator, etc. |
| Claudian | vi. etc. | A.D. 400. Poet-Historian. |
| St. Clement | V.E. 4 | A.D. 80. Theologian. |
| Constantius | V.F. 4 | A.D. 480. Ecclesiastical Biographer. |
| Diodorus Siculus | I.E. 11, etc. | B.C. 44. Geographer. |
| Dion Cassius | v. etc. | A.D. 150. Historian. |
| Dioscorides | I.E. 4 | A.D. 80. Physician. |
| Eumenius | V.A. 1 | A.D. 310. Imperial Panegyrist. |
| Eutropius | V.A. 1 | A.D. 300. Imperial Panegyrist. |
| Firmicus | V.B. 2 | A.D. 350. Controversialist. |
| Frontinus | III. A. 1 | A.D. 80. Wrote on Tactics. |
| Fronto | IV. D. 2 | A.D. 100. Historian. |
| Gildas | vi. etc. | A.D. 500. Theologian. |
| Hegesippus | II. F. 3 | A.D. 150. Historian. |
| Herodian | IV. E. 3 | A.D. 220. Historian. |
| Herodotus | I.C. 3 | B.C. 444. Historian, etc. |
| St. Hilary | V.B. 3 | A.D. 350. Theologian. |
| Horace | III. A. 7 | B.C. 25. Poet. |
| Itinerary | IV. A. 7 | A.D. 200. |
| St. Jerome | V.C. 12 | A.D. 400. Theologian. |
| Josephus | III. F. 1 | A.D. 70. Historian. |
| Juvenal | III. F. 5 | A.D. 75. Satirist. |
| Lampridius | IV. E. 1 | A.D. 290. Imperial Biographer. |
| Lucan | II. E. 1 | A.D. 60. Historical Poet. |
| Mamertinus | V.A. 5 | A.D. 280. Panegyrist. |
| Marcellinus | vi. etc. | A.D. 380. Historian. |
| Martial | vi. etc. | A.D. 70. Epigrammatist. |
| Maximus | II. C. 13 | A.D. 30. Wrote Memorabilia. |
| Mela | I.H. 7 | A.D. 50. Geographer, etc. |
| Menologia Graeca | V.E. 5 | A.D. 550. |
| Minucius Felix | I.E. 2 | A.D. 210. Geographer. |
| Nemesianus | IV. C. 15 | A.D. 280. Wrote on Hunting. |
| Nennius | vi. etc. | A.D. 500. Historian. |
| Notitia | vi. etc. | A.D. 406. |
| Olympiodorus | V.C. 10 | A.D. 425. Historian. |
| Onomacritus | I.C. 1 | B.C. 333. Poet. |
| Oppian | IV. C. 15 | A.D. 140. Wrote on Hunting |
| Origen | V.E. 13 | A.D. 220. Theologian. |
| Pliny | vi. etc. | A.D. 70. Naturalist. |
| Plutarch | I.C. 1 | A.D. 80. Historian, etc. |
| Polyaenus | II. E. 8 | A.D. 180. Wrote on Tactics. |
| Procopius | V.D. 5 | A.D. 555. Wrote on Geography, etc. |
| Propertius | III. 1. 7 | B.C. 10. Poet. |
| Prosper | V.F. 4 | A.D. 450. Ecclesiastical Historian. |
| Prudentius | IV. C. 15 | A.D. 370. Ecclesiastical Poet. |
| Ptolemy | v. etc. | A.D. 120. Geographer. |
| Ravenna Geography | vi. etc. | A.D. 450. |
| Seneca | III. C. 7 | A.D. 60. Philosopher. |
| Sidonius Apollinaris | V.F. 3 | A.D. 475. Letters. |
| Solinus | I.E. 4, etc. | A.D. 80. Geographer. |
| Spartianus | IV. D. 2 | A.D. 303. Historian. |
| Strabo | vi. etc. | B.C. 20. Geographer. |
| Suetonius | I.H. 10 | A.D. 110. Imperial Biographer. |
| Symmachus | IV. C. 15 | A.D. 390. Statesman, etc. |
| Tacitus | v. etc. | A.D. 80. Historian. |
| Tertullian | V.E. 11 | A.D. 180. Theologian. |
| Theodoret | V.E. 4 | A.D. 420. Wrote Commentaries. |
| Tibullus | III. A. 7 | B.C. 20. Poet. |
| Timaeus | I.D. 2 | B.C. 300. Geographer. |
| Vegetius | V.B. 5 | A.D. 380. Historian. |
| Venantius | V.E. 4 | A.D. 580. Wrote Ecclesiastical Poems. |
| Victor | V.A. 9 | A.D. 380. Historian. |
| Virgil | III. 1. 7 | B.C. 30. Poet. |
| Vitruvius | I.G. 5 | A.D. Wrote on Geography, etc. |
| Vobiscus | IV. C. 17 | A.D. 290. Historian. |
| Xiphilinus | vi. etc. | A.D. 1200. Abridged Dio Cassius. |
| Zosimus | V.C. 11 | A.D. 400. Historian. |
Later Authorities
The constant accession of new material, especially
from the unceasing spade-work always going on in
every quarter of the island, makes modern books on
Roman Britain tend to become obsolete, sometimes
with startling rapidity. But even when not quite up
to date, a well-written book is almost always very far
from worthless, and much may be learnt from any in
the following list:—
| BABCOCK | 'The Two Last Centuries of Roman Britain' (1891). |
| BARNES | 'Ancient Britain' (1858). |
| BROWNE, BISHOP | 'The Church before Augustine' (1895). |
| BRUCE | 'Handbook to the Roman Wall' (1895). |
| CAMDEN | 'Britannia' (1587). |
| COOTE | 'Romans in Britain' (1878). |
| DAWKINS | 'Early Man in Britain' (1880). |
| 'The Place of the Welsh in English History' (1889). |
| DILL | 'Roman Society' (1899). |
| ELTON | 'Origins of English History' (1890). |
| EVANS, SIR J. | 'British Coins' (1869). |
| 'Bronze Implements' (1881). |
| 'Stone Implements' (1897). |
| FREEMAN | 'Historical Essays' (1879). |
| 'English Towns' (1883). |
| 'Tyrants of Britain' (1886). |
| FROUDE | 'Julius Caesar' (1879). |
| GUEST | 'Origines Celticae' (1883). |
| HADDAN AND STUBBS | 'Concilia' (1869). |
| 'Remains' (1876). |
| HARDY | 'Monumenta Historica Britannica' (1848). |
| HAVERFIELD | 'Roman World' (1899), etc. |
| HODGKIN | 'Italy and her Invaders' (1892), etc. |
| HOGARTH (ed.) | 'Authority and Archaeology' (1899). |
| HORSLEY | 'Britannia Romana' (1732). |
| HUEBNER | 'Inscriptiones Britannicae Romanae' (1873). |
| 'Inscriptiones Britannicae' |
| 'Christianae' (1876), etc. |
| KEMBLE | 'Saxons in England' (1876). |
| KENRICK | 'Phoenicia' (1855). |
| 'Papers on History' (1864). |
| LEWIN | 'Invasion of Britain' (1862). |
| LUBBOCK, SIR J. | 'Origin of Civilization' (1889). |
| LYALL | 'Natural Religion' (1891). |
| LYELL | 'Antiquity of Man' (1873). |
| MAINE, SIR H. | 'Early History of Institutions' (1876). |
| MAITLAND | 'Domesday Studies' (1897). |
| MARQUARDT | 'Römische Staatsverwaltung' (1873). |
| MOMMSEN | 'Provinces of the Roman Empire' (1865). |
| NEILSON | 'Per Lineam Valli' (1892). |
| PEARSON | 'Historical Atlas of Britain' (1870). |
| RHYS | 'Celtic Britain' (1882). |
| 'Celtic Heathendom' (1888). |
| 'Welsh People' (1900). |
| ROLLESTON | 'British Barrows' (1877). |
| 'Prehistoric Fauna' (1880). |
| SCARTH | 'Roman Britain' (1885). |
| SMITH, C.R. | 'Collectanea' (1848), etc. |
| TOZER | 'History of Ancient Geography' (1897). |
| TRAILL AND MANN | 'Social England' (1901). |
| USHER, BP. | 'British Ecclesiastical Antiquity' (1639). |
| VINE | 'Caesar in Kent' (1899). |
| WRIGHT | 'Celt, Roman and Saxon' (1875). |
|
|
| |
