Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky : Pictures at an Exhibition
for piano (orchestrated later by Ravel and others)
M :
Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky : Opera, Boris Godunov
(later revised by Rimsky)
M :
Anton Bruckner : Symphony
No.4 'Romantic'
M :
Georges Bizet : Opera, Carmen
VA :
Berthe Morisot : The Butterfly Chase
ST :
A.T. Still founds osteopathy
PH :
Alfonso XII, son of Queen Isabella, proclaimed King of Spain
DL :
Civil marriage is made compulsory in Germany
PH :
End of Ashanti war
RP :
Ernst Haeckel: Anthropogenie
DL :
First American zoo established in Philadelphia
VA :
First impressionist exhibition
RP :
Henry Sidgwick: Methods of Ethics
M :
Paris Opéra completed
DL :
Pressure-cooking methods for canning foods introduced
DL :
Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children founded in New York
ST :
Streptococci and staphylococci discovered
PH :
Swiss Constitution revised
DL :
Tennis introduced to the U.S.
DL :
Union Générale des Postes established in Berne, Switzerland
LT :
Robert Frost born 26 March
M :
Arnold Schoenberg born 13 September
M :
Gustav Holst born 21 September
M :
Charles Ives born 20 October
1875
LT :
Alfred, Lord Tennyson: Queen Mary
VA :
Gustave Caillebotte : The Floor Strippers
M :
Pyotr Tchaikovsky : Symphony
No.3, 'Polish'
M :
Pyotr Tchaikovsky : Piano Concerto
No.1
M :
Arthur Sullivan : Operetta, Trial by Jury
M :
Camille Saint-Saëns : Piano Concerto
No.4
M :
Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky : Song-cycle, Songs and Dances of Death
(plus additional song, 'The Field Marshal', in 1877)
M :
Edvard Grieg : Incidental music
to the play Peer Gynt
M :
Antonin Dvorák : Serenade
for Strings
M :
Antonin Dvorák : Symphony
No.5
M :
Anton Grigoryevich Rubinstein : Opera, Der Makkabäer
('The Maccabees')
VA :
Claude Monet : Woman with a Parasol
VA :
Berthe Morisot : A Woman at her Toilette
VA :
Pierre-Auguste Renoir : Young Woman with a Veil
ST :
Element gallium discovered
RP :
Emile Laveleye: Le Protestantisme et le Catholicisme
DL :
First roller-skating rink opens in London
DL :
First swim across English Channel - Captain Matthew Webb
ED :
Heinrich Schliemann: Troy and Its Remains
PH :
Japanese courts of law are reformed
PH :
Kwang Hsu becomes Emperor of China
ED :
London Medical School for Women founded
RP :
Mary Baker Eddy: Science and Health
DL :
Public Health Act is passed in Britain
PH :
Rebellion in Cuba
RP :
Religious orders abolished in Prussia
PH :
Risings in Bosnia and Herzegovina against Turk. rule
VA :
The "Hermes" of Praxiteles found at Olympia, Greece
RP :
Theosophical Society founded by Helena Blavatsky
VA :
Jean-François Millet dies 20 January
VA :
Camille Corot dies 22 February
M :
Maurice Ravel born 7 March
M :
Georges Bizet dies 3 June
1876
VA :
Hilaire Germain Edgar Degas : The Star
LT :
Thomas Hardy: The Hand of Ethelberta
M :
Franz von Suppé : Operetta, Fatinitza
VA :
Sir Edward Coley Burne-Jones : Mirror of Venus
M :
Pyotr Tchaikovsky : Marche Slave
M :
Pyotr Tchaikovsky :
Variations on a Rococo Theme for cello and orchestra
M :
Pyotr Tchaikovsky : Symphonic fantasy, Francesca da Rimini
M :
Pyotr Tchaikovsky : Ballet, Swan Lake
M :
Bedrich Smetana : String Quartet
No.1 ('From My Life')
M :
Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov : Quintet
for piano and wind instruments
M :
Edvard Grieg : Ballade
in G-minor
M :
Anton Bruckner : Symphony
No.5
M :
Léo Delibes : Ballet, Sylvia
M :
Alexander Porfiryevich Borodin : Symphony
No.2
M :
Johannes Brahms : Symphony
No.1
VA :
Pierre-Auguste Renoir : Ball at the Moulin de la Galette
VA :
John William Waterhouse : After The Dance
ST :
Alexander Graham Bell invents the telephone
ST :
Anthrax bacillus discovered
M :
Bayreuth Festspielhaus opens with first complete performance of Wagner's Ring des Nibelungen
DL :
Deutsche Richsbank opens
RP :
F.H. Bradley: Ethical Studies
DL :
First Chin. railroad is completed
DL :
First tennis tournament in U.S.
ED :
Heinrich Schliemann excavates Mycenae
ED :
Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, opens
PH :
Korea becomes an independent nation
RP :
Lombroso: The Criminal
PH :
Montenegro declares war on Turkey
PH :
Serbia declares war on Turkey
PH :
Sultan Abdul Aziz deposed in May; his successor, Murad V, deposed in August and succeeded by Abdul Hamid II
DL :
World Exhibition at Philadelphia
VA :
Second Impressionist Exhibition
M :
Manuel de Falla born 23 November
1877
VA :
Frank Cadogan Cowper born
VA :
Gustave Caillebotte : Street in Paris: A Rainy Day
M :
Arthur Sullivan : Operetta, The Sorcerer
M :
Arthur Sullivan : Ballad,
'The Lost Chord'
M :
Camille Saint-Saëns : Opera, Samson and Delilah
M :
Antonin Dvorák : Stabat Mater
M :
Antonin Dvorák : Symphonic Variations
M :
Johannes Brahms : Symphony
No.2
VA :
Dante Gabriel Rossetti : A Sea Spell
DL :
"Blue Cross" Founded to fight alcoholism by Swiss theologian Louis Lucien Rochet
ST :
Canals on Mars observed by Giovanni Schiaparelli
ST :
Edison invents phonograph
DL :
Famine in Bengal
PH :
First Kaffir War
DL :
First public telephones (U.S.)
RP :
J.C.F. Zöllner: Treatise of Spiritualism
ST :
Lord Rayleigh: Treatise on Sound
ST :
Oxygen liquefied
DL :
Patent Protection Law enacted in Germany
PH :
Porfirio Diaz- President of Mexico
PH :
Queen Victoria proclaimed Empress of India
PH :
Russia declares war on Turkey and invades Rumania; Serbia declares war on Turkey
PH :
Satsuma revolt in Japan suppressed
VA :
Third impressionist exhibition, Paris
VA :
Third Impressionist Exhibition
VA :
Raoul Dufy born
VA :
Frank E. Schoonover born
VA :
Gustave Courbet dies 31 December
1878
LT :
Thomas Hardy: The Return of the Native
VA :
Gustave Caillebotte : The Orange Trees
M :
Max Christian Friedrich Bruch : Violin Concerto
No.2
M :
Pyotr Tchaikovsky : Violin Concerto
M :
Pyotr Tchaikovsky : Symphony
No.4
M :
Pyotr Tchaikovsky : Opera, Eugene Onegin
M :
Arthur Sullivan : Operetta, H.M.S. Pinafore
M :
Antonin Dvorák : Serenade
for Wind Instruments
M :
Antonin Dvorák :
Slavonic Dances, first series
M :
Johannes Brahms :
Violin Concerto in D
M :
Sir Charles Hubert Hastings Parry : Piano Concerto
in F-minor
VA :
Sir Frank Bernard Dicksee : Miranda
M :
A. W. Ambros: Geschichte der Musik
PH :
Anti-Socialist Law enacted in Germany
DL :
Bicycle Touring Club founded in England
DL :
C.I.D., New Scotland Yard, established in London
RP :
Charles Pierce: How to Make Our Ideas Clear (Philosophy of Pragmatism)
VA :
Cleopatra's Needle is moved to London
DL :
Deutscher Fussballverein, Hanover, founded
DL :
Electric street lighting is introduced in London
DL :
First European crematorium established at Gotha, Germany
DL :
First bicycles manufactured in America
M :
George Grove begins Dictionary of Music and Musicians
RP :
George Romanes: A Candid Examination of Theism
RP :
German historian Heinrich Treitschke begins racial anti-Semite movement, and Berlin court preacher Adolf Stoecker founds Christlich-Soziale Arbeiterpartei
PH :
Greece declares war on Turkey
ST :
Iodoform first used as an antiseptic
DL :
Karl Benz builds motorised tricycle with top speed of seven miles per hour
ST :
Microphone invented
DL :
Paris World Exhibition
RP :
Pope Pius IX dies; Cardinal Count Pecci succeeds as Leo XIII
DL :
Repeater rifle produced
PH :
Turk-Russ. armistice signed
PH :
Victor Emmanuel II, King of Italy dies; succeeded by his son Humbert I
ED :
W.E. Lecky: History of England in the Eighteenth Century
VA :
Charles-François Daubigny dies 19 February
VA :
Malevich born
M :
Franz Schreker born 23 March
LT :
John Masefield born 1 June
LT :
William Cullen Bryant dies 12 June
1879
VA :
Mary Cassatt : The Cup of Tea
VA :
Mary Cassatt : At the Opera
M :
Franz von Suppé : Operetta, Boccaccio
M :
Arthur Sullivan : Operetta, The Pirates of Penzance
M :
Bedrich Smetana :
Cycle of symphonic poems, collectively entitled Má Vlast ('My Fatherland')
M :
Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov : Opera, May Night
M :
Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky :
'The Song of the Flea'
M :
Alexander Porfiryevich Borodin : String Quartet
No.1
VA :
Edouard Manet : In the Conservatory
VA :
Pierre-Auguste Renoir : Irene Cahen d'Anvers
RP :
A.J. Balfour: Defence of Philosophic Doubt
PH :
Alexander of Battenberg elected Prince Alexander I of Bulgaria
RP :
Anti-Jesuit Laws introduced in France
DL :
Brit. churchman W. L. Blackly proposes a scheme for old-age pensions
ST :
First electric tram exhibited at Berlin Trade Exhibition
RP :
Henry George: Progress and Poverty
RP :
Herbert Spencer: Principles of Ethics
PH :
Ismail, Khedive of Egypt, deposed; succeeded by Tewfik
DL :
London's first telephone exchange established
RP :
Mary Baker Eddy becomes pastor of Church of Christ, Scientist, Boston
PH :
Peace signed with Zulu chiefs
RP :
Robert Giffen: Essay on Finance
ST :
Saccharin discovered
ST :
Scandium discovered
DL :
The public granted unrestricted admission to the British Museum
PH :
Treaty of Gandamak
ED :
Treitschke: History of Germany in the XIXth Century
VA :
Fourth Impressionist Exhibition
M :
Ottorino Respighi born 9 July
LT :
Wallace Stevens born 2 October
VA :
Paul Klee born
1880
VA :
Hilaire Germain Edgar Degas : Dancers in Pink
LT :
Alfred, Lord Tennyson: Ballads and Other Poems
LT :
Thomas Hardy: The Trumpet-Major
VA :
Mary Cassatt : Lydia in a Loge Wearing a Pearl Necklace
VA :
Gustave Caillebotte : View Across a Balcony
VA :
Alexandre Cabanel : Phèdre
VA :
Sir Edward Coley Burne-Jones : Golden Stairs
M :
Jules Massenet : Oratorio, La Vierge
('The Virgin')
M :
Max Christian Friedrich Bruch : Scottish Fantasia
for violin and orchestra
VA :
Sir Adolph William Bouguereau : Temptation
M :
Pyotr Tchaikovsky : Serenade for Strings
M :
Pyotr Tchaikovsky : Capriccio Italien
M :
Pyotr Tchaikovsky : Overture, 1812
M :
Johann Strauss II : Waltz, Roses from the South
M :
Camille Saint-Saëns : Violin concerto
No.3
M :
Jacques Offenbach : Opera, Les Contes d'Hoffmann
('The Tales of Hoffmann'); orchestration completed posthumously by Ernest Guiraud
M :
Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky : Opera, Sorochintsky Fair
(completed by Anatol Lyadov and others)
M :
Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky : Opera, Khovanshchina
(completed by Rimsky)
M :
Gustav Mahler :
Starts on song settings Des Knaben Wunderhorn ('Youth's Magic Horn')
M :
Antonin Dvorák : Violin Concerto
M :
Antonin Dvorák : Symphony
No.6
M :
Léo Delibes : Opera, Jean de Nivelle
M :
Alexander Porfiryevich Borodin : In the Steppes of Central Asia
M :
Johannes Brahms :
Academic Festival and Tragic overtures
M :
Anton Grigoryevich Rubinstein : Opera, Kupets Kalashnikov
('The Merchant Kalashnikov')
VA :
Alfred Sisley : The Chemin de By through Woods at Roches-Coutaut:
DL :
Canned fruits and meats first appear in stores
ST :
Chicken cholera vaccine developed by Pasteur
ST :
First practical electric lights devised
RP :
John Claird: Philosophy of Religion
M :
London Guildhall School of Music founded
ST :
Malarial parasite discovered
DL :
New York streets are first lit by electricity
PH :
Pacific War: Chile against Bolivia and Peru
DL :
Parcel post introduced in England
PH :
Transvaal declares itself independent of Britain
DL :
World Exhibition takes place in Melbourne
VA :
Fifth Impressionist Exhibition
M :
Jacques Offenbach dies 5 October
1881
LT :
Alfred, Lord Tennyson: The Cup
LT :
Christina Rossetti: A Pageant and Other Poems
LT :
Dante Gabriel Rossetti: The King’s Tragedy and Ballads and Sonnets with The House of Life
LT :
Thomas Hardy: A Laodicean
VA :
Hilaire Germain Edgar Degas : The Dance Class
M :
Jules Massenet : Opera, Hérodiade
M :
Max Christian Friedrich Bruch : Kol Nidrei
Adagio on Hebrew melodies, for cello and orchestra
M :
Arthur Sullivan : Operetta, Patience
M :
Camille Saint-Saëns : Violin Sonata
No.1
M :
Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov : Opera, The Snow Maiden
M :
Edvard Grieg :
Norwegian Dances for piano duet
M :
Anton Bruckner : Symphony
No.6
M :
Gabriel Urbain Fauré : Ballade
for piano and orchestra
M :
Emmanuel Chabrier : Pièces pittoresques
('Picturesque Pieces') for piano
M :
Alexander Porfiryevich Borodin : String Quartet
No.2
M :
Johannes Brahms :
Piano Concerto No.2
VA :
Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema : At the Tepidarium
VA :
Pierre-Auguste Renoir : Luncheon of the Boating Party
PH :
Austro-Serbian treaty of alliance
LT :
D'Oyly Carte builds the Savoy Theatre, London
RP :
Edward Tylor: Anthropology
DL :
Flogging abolished in Brit. Army and Navy
DL :
Freedom of press established in France
PH :
President Garfield is shot and killed in Sept. and succeeded by Chester Arthur GO !
ED :
Natural History Museum, South Kensington, London, opened
RP :
Persecution of Jews in Russia
PH :
Political parties founded in Japan
DL :
The first of all cabarets, "Chat Noir", Paris, founded
PH :
Treaty of Pretoria: Britain recognises independent Transvaal Republic
ED :
University College, Liverpool, founded
ED :
Vatican archives opened to scholars
VA :
Sixth Impressionist Exhibition
M :
Béla Bartók born 25 March
M :
Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky dies 28 March
VA :
Pablo Ruiz y Picasso born
1882
LT :
Walt Whitman: Specimen Days and Collect
LT :
Thomas Hardy: Two on a Tower
VA :
Mary Cassatt : Girl Sewing
VA :
Sir Adolph William Bouguereau : Evening Mood
M :
Richard Wagner : Music drama, Parsifal
M :
Arthur Sullivan : Operetta, Iolanthe
M :
Charles-François Gounod : Oratorio, La Rédemption
M :
Léo Delibes : Incidental music
to Victor Hugo's play Le Roi s'amuse, ('The King's Pleasure')
M :
Sir Charles Hubert Hastings Parry : Prelude and Fugue in G major
VA :
Edouard Manet : Bar at the Folies-Bergere
DL :
Bank of Japan founded
M :
Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra founded
RP :
Besant: All Sorts and Conditions of Men
ED :
Charles University, Prague, divided into Ger. and Czech institutions
ST :
Edison designs first hydroelectric plant in Wisconsin
RP :
Leslie Stephen: Science of Ethics
DL :
London Chamber of Commerce established
RP :
Nietzche: Die fröliche Wissenschaft
PH :
Prince Milan Obrenovich of Serbia proclaims himself king
DL :
Queen Victoria gives Epping Forest to the nation
DL :
Recoil-operated machine gun patented
PH :
Triple Alliance between Italy, Austria, and Germany
DL :
U.S. bans Chinese immigrants for 10 years
RP :
Viennese physician Joseph Breuer uses hypnosis to treat hysteria (beginnings of psychoanalysis)
DL :
World Exhibition in Moscow
VA :
Seventh Impressionist Exhibition
LT :
Dante Gabriel Rossetti dies 10 April
VA :
Dante Gabriel Rossetti dies 10 April
VA :
Georges Braque born
M :
Igor Stravinsky born 17 June
VA :
Edward Hopper born in New York
VA :
Newell Convers Wyeth born
M :
Zoltán Kodály born 16 December
1883
M :
Johann Strauss II : Operetta, Eine Nacht in Venedig
('A Night in Venice')
M :
Richard Strauss : Horn Concerto
No.1
M :
Bedrich Smetana : String Quartet
No.2
M :
Anton Bruckner : Symphony
No.7
M :
Antonin Dvorák : Scherzo Capriccioso
M :
Léo Delibes : Opera, Lakmé
(including the famous 'Flower Duet' and the 'Bell Song')
M :
Emmanuel Chabrier : Rhapsody España
for orchestra
M :
Johannes Brahms : Symphony
No.3
DL :
Bismarck introduces sickness insurance in Germany
DL :
Brooklyn Bridge, New York, opened to traffic
RP :
F. H. Bradley: The Principles of Logic
RP :
Fabian Society founded in London
ST :
First skyscraper built in Chicago, 10 stories
RP :
Jr. R. Seeley: The Expansion of England
RP :
Lester War: Dynamic Sociology
M :
Metropolitan Opera House, New York, founded
RP :
Nietzche: Thus Spake Zarathustra
DL :
Orient Express Paris- Istanbul makes its first run
PH :
Paul Kruger - President of South African Republic
ST :
Robert Kock describes a method of preventive inoculation against anthrax
M :
Royal College of Music, London, founded
ST :
Synthetic fibre produced
DL :
U.S. Civil Service reforms begin
DL :
U.S. frontiersman W. F Cody ("Buffalo Bill") organises his "Wild West Show"
DL :
World Exhibition opens in Amsterdam
M :
Richard Wagner dies 13 February
VA :
Edouard Manet dies 30 April
M :
Sir George Dyson born 28 May
M :
Edgard Varèse born 22 December
1884
M :
Jules Massenet : Opera, Manon
M :
Arthur Sullivan : Operetta, Princess Ida
M :
Giacomo Puccini : Opera, Le villi
M :
Gustav Mahler : Song-cycle, Lieder eines fahrenden Gesellen
('Songs of a Wayfarer')
M :
Edvard Grieg :
'Butterfly' and 'To the Spring' from Lyric Pieces, Book 3
M :
Edvard Grieg :
Holberg Suite
M :
Anton Bruckner : Te Deum
for chorus and orchestra
VA :
Georges Seurat : Bathing at Asnieres
DL :
Le Matin, Paris, issued
PH :
Berlin Conference of 14 nations on African affairs
DL :
Divorce re-established in France
ST :
Electrical precipitation discovered
DL :
First deep tube (underground railroad), London
ST :
First practical steam turbine engine invented
PH :
Fr. Law excludes members of former dynasties from presidency
DL :
Gold discovered in the Transvaal, rise of Johannesburg
RP :
Herbert Spencer: The Man versus the State
ST :
Ilya Mechinikov: Theory of Phagocytes
RP :
Kropotkin: Paroles du'un revolte
PH :
London Convention on Transvaal
ED :
Oxford English Dictionary begins publication
ST :
Tetanus bacillus discovered
M :
Bedrich Smetana dies 12 May
LT :
Gerard Manley Hopkins born 28 July
LT :
Sara Teasdale born 8 August
1885
LT :
Alfred, Lord Tennyson: Tiresias and Other Poems
LT :
Christina Rossetti: Time Flies
VA :
Mary Cassatt : The Sisters
M :
Jules Massenet : Opera, Le Cid
M :
Max Christian Friedrich Bruch : Cantata, Achilleus
for solo voices, chorus and orchestra
M :
Pyotr Tchaikovsky : Manfred Symphony
M :
Arthur Sullivan : Operetta, The Mikado
M :
Johann Strauss II : Operetta, Der Zigeunerbaron
('The Gypsy Baron')
M :
Charles-François Gounod : Petite Symphonie
for wind instruments
M :
Charles-François Gounod : Oratorio, Mors et Vita
M :
Antonin Dvorák : Symphony
No.7
M :
Emmanuel Chabrier : Opera, Gwendoline
M :
Johannes Brahms : Symphony
No.4
VA :
Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema : A Tale from Homer
ED :
Albert Sorel: Europe and the French Revolution
DL :
First Leipzig Fair
PH :
Grover Cleveland inaugurated as President of the U.S. GO !
RP :
Henry Maine: Popular Government
DL :
John M. Fox introduces golf to America
RP :
Karl Marx: Das Kapital, vol 2 (posth.)
PH :
King Alfonso XII of Spain dies; Queen Maria Christina becomes regent
ST :
Pasteur devises a rabies vaccine to cure hydrophobia
ST :
Sir Francis Galton prove the individuality of fingerprints
RP :
The Mormons split into polygamous and monogamous sections
RP :
Tolstoi: My Religion
M :
Alban Berg born 9 February
M :
Domenico Scarlatti born 26 October
1886
LT :
Alfred, Lord Tennyson: Locksley Hall Sixty Years After
LT :
Thomas Hardy: The Mayor of Casterbridge
VA :
Hilaire Germain Edgar Degas : The Tub
VA :
Sir Adolph William Bouguereau : Child at Bath
M :
Giuseppe Verdi : Opera, Otello
M :
Arthur Sullivan : Cantata, The Golden Legend
M :
Camille Saint-Saëns : Wedding Cake Caprice
caprice for piano and strings
