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28 October, 2012
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| Egon Schiele
(1890 - 1918)
| | LT : | W.B. Yeats: The Wanderings of Oisin and Other Poems |
|
| | | VA : | Paul Cézanne : The Card Players | | VA : | Paul Cézanne : Still Life with Basket of Apples | | M : | Pyotr Tchaikovsky : Opera, The Queen of Spades
| | M : | Erik Satie : Trois gnossiennes,
for piano
| | M : | Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov : Opera, Mlada
| | M : | Edward Elgar : Concert overture
'Froissart'
| | M : | Claude Debussy :
Rêverie, for piano
| | M : | Claude Debussy : Suite bergamasque
for piano (including 'Clair de lune')
| | M : | Isaac Manuel Francisco Albéniz : Piano Suite, España
| | VA : | Jean Léon Gérôme : Pygmalian and Galatea | | VA : | Lord Frederic Leighton : The Bath of Psyche | | VA : | Vincent van Gogh : Crows in the Wheatfields | | PH : | Accession of Queen Wilhelmina; Luxembourg separated from the Netherlands | | RP : | Alfred Marshall: Principles of Economics | | ST : | Azoimide produced from organic sources | | PH : | Cecil Rhodes- Premier of Cape Colony | | DL : | Daughters of the American Revolution founded | | ST : | Emil von Behring announces the discovery of antitoxins | | ST : | First Eng. electrical power station, Deptford | | PH : | First general election in Japan | | PH : | Ger. Social Democrats adopt Marxist program at Erfurt Congress | | DL : | Global influenza epidemics ("Russian Flu") | | RP : | J.G. Frazer: The Golden Bough | | ST : | Rubber gloves used for the first time in surgery | | DL : | Swiss government introduces social insurance | | ST : | The first entirely steel -framed building erected in Chicago | | RP : | William Booth: In the Darkest England and the Way Out | | RP : | William James: The Principles of Psychology | | VA : | Vincent van Gogh dies 29 July |
|
| | | LT : | Walt Whitman: Goodbye My Fancy | | LT : | Thomas Hardy: A Group of Noble Dames and Tess of the d'Urbervilles | | M : | Charles Ives : Variations
on America (organ)
| | VA : | Sir Edward Coley Burne-Jones : Star of Bethlehem | | M : | Max Christian Friedrich Bruch : Violin Concerto
No.3
| | VA : | Sir Adolph William Bouguereau : Work Interrupted | | M : | Pyotr Tchaikovsky : Opera, Yolanta
| | M : | Arthur Sullivan : 'Romantic Opera', Ivanhoe
| | M : | Camille Saint-Saëns : Africa
fantasy for piano and orchestra
| | M : | Pietro Mascagni : Opera, L'amico Fritz
('Friend Fritz')
| | M : | Antonin Dvorák : Overture, Carnival
| | M : | Antonin Dvorák :
Dumky Piano Trio
| | M : | Johannes Brahms :
Clarinet Quintet
| | M : | Clara Wieck Schumann :
Cadenzas for Mozart: Piano Concerto in D Minor
| | VA : | Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema : The Kiss | | VA : | Eugène Henri Paul Gauguin : We hail the Mary | | VA : | Lord Frederic Leighton : The Return of Persephone | | RP : | Rerum novarum, papal encyclical on the condition of the working classes | | DL : | All-Deutschland Verband founded | | ST : | Beginnings of wireless telegraphy | | DL : | Earthquake in Japan kills as many as 10,000 people | | PH : | Franco-Russ. entente | | RP : | Goldwin Smith: The Canadian Question | | ED : | In Java Dutch anthropologist Eugène Dubois discovers Pithecanthropus erectus (Java Man) | | LT : | J.T. Grein founds Independent Theatre Society, London | | RP : | R.W. Church: History of the Oxford Movement (posth.) | | ST : | Samuel P. Langley: Experiments in Aerodynamics | | ST : | Trans-Siberian railroad construction begins | | PH : | Triple Alliance - Germany, Austria, Italy - renewed for 12 years | | DL : | W.L. Judson invents clothing zipper | | DL : | Widespread famine in Russia | | PH : | Young Turk Movement, hoping to secure liberal reforms, is formed in Geneva | | M : | Léo Delibes dies 16 January | | VA : | Ernest Meissonier dies 31 January | | VA : | Georges Seurat dies 29 March | | M : | Sergei Prokofiev born 23 April |
|
| | | LT : | Thomas Hardy: The Pursuit of the Well-Beloved | | M : | Giuseppe Verdi : Opera, Falstaff
| | M : | Pyotr Tchaikovsky : Ballet, The Nutcracker
| | M : | Jean Sibelius : Symphonic Poem, En Saga
| | M : | Sergei Rachmaninov : Piano Concerto
No.1
| | M : | Sergei Rachmaninov : Morceaux de Fantasie
for piano (including Prelude in C-sharp Minor)
| | M : | Edward Elgar : Serenade
for Strings
| | VA : | Eugène Henri Paul Gauguin : Spirit of the Dead Watching | | VA : | John William Godward : The Betrothed | | VA : | Edvard Munch : Melancholy | | ST : | Diesel patents his internal-combustion engine | | RP : | Emile Fagguet: Politiques et moralistes du six-neuvième siècle | | ST : | First automatic telephone switchboard introduced | | DL : | First cans of pineapples | | PH : | Giolitti becomes Premier of Italy | | PH : | Grover Cleveland elected U.S. President GO ! | | DL : | Iron and steel workers strike in U.S. | | PH : | Prince Ito becomes premier of Japan | | PH : | Tewfik, Khedive of Egypt, dies; succeeded by Abbas II | | ST : | Viscose discovered (manufacture of rayon) | | M : | Arthur Honegger born 10 March | | LT : | Archibald MacLeish born 7 May | | M : | Darius Milhaud born 4 September | | LT : | Alfred, Lord Tennyson dies 6 October |
|
| | | LT : | W.B. Yeats: The Celtic Twilight | | VA : | Mary Cassatt : The Bath | | M : | Pyotr Tchaikovsky : Symphony
No.6, 'Pathétique'
| | M : | Jean Sibelius : Karelia Suite
| | M : | Erik Satie : Danses gothiques,
for piano
| | M : | Giacomo Puccini : Opera, Manon Lescaut
| | M : | Gabriel Urbain Fauré : Song-cycle, La Bonne Chanson
('The Good Song')
| | M : | Antonin Dvorák : String Quartet
'American'
| | M : | Antonin Dvorák : Symphony
No.9 'From the New World'
| | M : | Claude Debussy : String Quartet
in G-Minor
| | M : | John Phillip Sousa : March, Manhattan Beach
| | VA : | Edvard Munch : Death in the Sick-Room | | VA : | Edvard Munch : The Scream | | VA : | "Art Nouveau" appears in Europe | | RP : | F.H. Bradley: Appearance and Reality | | PH : | Franco-Russ. alliance signed | | DL : | Henry Ford builds his first car | | ED : | Imperial Institute, South Kensington, London, founded | | DL : | Karl Benz constructs his four-wheel car | | PH : | Second Irish Home Rule bill passed by Commons but rejected by Lords | | RP : | W.T. Stead: If Christ Came to Chicago | | DL : | World Exhibition in Chicago | | M : | Charles-François Gounod dies 18 October | | M : | Pyotr Tchaikovsky dies 6 November |
|
| | | LT : | Thomas Hardy: Life's Little Ironies | | M : | Charles Ives : 67th Psalm
| | M : | Jules Massenet : Opera, Thaïs
| | M : | Gustav Mahler : Symphony
No.2 'Resurrection'
| | M : | Anton Bruckner : Symphony
No.9 (Finale unfinished at his death)
| | M : | Claude Debussy : Prélude à l'après-midi d'un faune
for orchestra
| | VA : | Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema : Spring | | VA : | Sir Frank Bernard Dicksee : The Magic Crystal | | VA : | Edvard Munch : Ashes | | VA : | Edvard Munch : Despair | | ST : | Argon discovered | | DL : | Baron de Boubertin founds committee to organise modern Olympic Games | | RP : | Benjamin Kidd: Social Revolution | | ST : | Berliner uses a horizontal gramophone disc instead of a cylinder as a record for sound reproduction | | ST : | Cinematograph invented | | PH : | Czar Alexander III dies; succeeded by his son Nicholas II | | DL : | Death duties introduced in Britain | | DL : | Edison opens his Kinetoscope Parlor, New York | | ST : | Flagstaff Observatory erected, Arizona, U.S. | | PH : | Korea and Japan declare war on China | | DL : | New York Jockey Club founded | | ED : | Pollock and Maitland: History of English Law Before the Time of Edward I | | ED : | Sidney and Beatrice Webb: History of Trade Unionism | | ST : | Swed. explorer Sven Hedin travels in Tibet | | ST : | The Plague bacillus discovered | | VA : | Norman Rockwell born | | M : | Hans von Bülow dies 12 February | | VA : | Gustave Caillebotte dies 21 February | | M : | Emmanuel Chabrier dies 13 September | | LT : | ee cummings born 14 October | | M : | Anton Grigoryevich Rubinstein dies 20 November | | LT : | Christina Rossetti dies 29 December |
|
| | | VA : | Paul Cézanne : Still Life with Apples | | PH : | American pressure leads to arbitration of the British boundary dispute with Venezuela | | PH : | A revolt against Spanish rule breaks out in Cuba | | LT : | W.B. Yeats: Poems | | VA : | Sir Adolph William Bouguereau : The Abduction of Psyche | | M : | Richard Strauss : Symphonic Poem, Til Eulenspiegel's Merry Pranks
| | M : | Jean Sibelius : Four Lemminkäinen Legends
including The Swan of Tuonela
| | M : | Erik Satie : Messe des pauvres,
a Latin Mass with psalms, for voices and organ or piano
| | M : | Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov : Opera, Christmas Eve
| | M : | Antonin Dvorák : Cello Concerto
| | VA : | Lord Frederic Leighton : Flaming June | | VA : | Edvard Munch : Madonna | | VA : | Edvard Munch : Puberty | | VA : | Edvard Munch : Self-Portrait with a Burning Cigarette | | VA : | Gustav Klimt : Love | | ST : | Auguste and Louis Lumière invent a motion-picture camera | | RP : | Cardinal Vaughan lays foundation stone of Westminster Cathedral | | PH : | End of Chin.-Jap war | | DL : | First public film show in Paris, at the Hôtel Scribe | | RP : | Karl Marx: Das Kapital, vol. 3 (posth.) | | DL : | King C. Gillette invents the safety razor | | ST : | Konstantin Isiolkovski formulates the principle of rocket reaction propulsion | | ED : | London School of Economics and Political Science founded | | ST : | Machine constructed for the liquefaction of air | | ST : | Marconi invents radio telegraphy | | LT : | Oscar Wilde's unsuccessful libel action against the Marquis of Queensberry | | M : | Robert Newman arranges the first Promenade Concerts at Queen's Hall, London | | RP : | Sigmund Freud: Studien über Hysterie | | RP : | Thomas Masaryk: The Czech Question | | ST : | Wilhelm Röntgen discovers x-rays | | VA : | Berthe Morisot dies 2 March | | M : | Franz von Suppé dies 21 May | | M : | Carl Orff born 10 July | | LT : | Robert Graves born 24 July | | M : | Paul Hindemith born 16 November |
|
| | | LT : | Edwin A Robinson: The Torrent and the Night Before | | LT : | A E Housman: A Shropshire Lad | | M : | Charles Ives : String Quartet, No.1 "Revival Service"
| | VA : | Sir Edward Coley Burne-Jones : Hope | | M : | Richard Strauss : Symphonic Poem, Also sprach Zarathustra
('Thus Spake Zoroaster')
| | M : | Giacomo Puccini : Opera, La Bohème
('Bohemian Life')
| | M : | Gustav Mahler : Symphony
No.3
| | M : | Frederick Delius : Opera, Koanga
(including 'La Calinda')
| | M : | Isaac Manuel Francisco Albéniz : Opera, Pepita Jiménez
| | M : | John Phillip Sousa : Comic Opera, El capitan
| | VA : | John William Waterhouse : Hylas and the Nymphs | | DL : | Daily Mail issued | | VA : | Die Jugend and Simplicissimus, two important Ger. art magazines, appear in Munich | | DL : | Beginning of Klondike gold rush | | ST : | Ernest Rutherford: magnetic detection of electrical waves | | DL : | First modern Olympics held in Athens | | RP : | Five annual Nobel Prizes established | | PH : | Further massacres of Armenians in Constantinople | | ST : | Helium discovered | | RP : | Henri Bergson: Matière et mémoire | | PH : | Nasr-ed-Din, Shah of Persia, assassinated | | VA : | National Portrait Gallery, London, moved from Bethnal Green to Westminster | | ST : | Niagara Falls hydroelectric plant opens | | ST : | Radioactivity discovered | | DL : | Royal Victorian Order founded | | PH : | Russia and China sign Manchuria Convention | | RP : | Theodor Herzl: Der Judenstaat, foundation of Zionism | | VA : | Lord Frederic Leighton dies 25 January | | M : | Clara Wieck Schumann dies 20 May | | VA : | Sir John Everett Millais dies 13 August | | VA : | William Morris dies 3 October | | M : | Anton Bruckner dies 11 October | | M : | Virgil Garnett Thomson born 25 November | | VA : | David Alfaro Siqueiros born |
|
| | | LT : | Edwin A Robinson: The Children of the Night | | LT : | Thomas Hardy: The Well-Beloved | | M : | Richard Strauss : Symphonic Poem, Don Quixote
| | M : | Sergei Rachmaninov : Symphony
No.1
| | M : | Edvard Grieg : Lyric Pieces
Book 9
| | M : | Edvard Grieg : Symphonic Dances
for orchestra
| | M : | Gabriel Urbain Fauré : Dolly Suite
for piano duet (later orchestrated)
| | M : | John Phillip Sousa : March, The Stars and Stripes Forever
| | VA : | Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema : Her eyes are with her thoughts... | | VA : | Eugène Henri Paul Gauguin : Where do we come from? | | DL : | Katzenjammer Kids, first Amer. comic strip, begun | | PH : | Crete proclaims union with Greece; Turkey declares war on Greece; Peace of Constantinople | | DL : | Founding of Royal Automobile Club, London | | RP : | Havelock Ellis: Studies in the Psychology of Sex | | ST : | J.J. Thomson discovers electron | | ST : | Julius Hann: Handbook of Climatology | | PH : | King of Korea proclaims himself emperor | | DL : | Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee | | ST : | Ronal Ross discovers malaria bacillus | | DL : | Severe famine in India | | RP : | Sidney and Beatrice Webb: Industrial Democracy | | VA : | Sir Henry Tate donates Tate Gallery, London, to the Brit. people | | DL : | The Sultan of Zanzibar abolishes slavery | | PH : | William McKinley inaugurated as President of the U.S. GO ! | | DL : | World Exhibition at Brussels | | RP : | Zionist Congress in Basel, Switzerland | | M : | Johannes Brahms dies 3 April |
|
| | | LT : | Thomas Hardy: Wessex Poems | | M : | Charles Ives : Symphony
No.1
| | M : | Richard Strauss : Symphonic Poem, Ein Heldenleben
('A Hero's Life')
| | M : | Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov : Opera, The Tsar's Bride
| | M : | Pietro Mascagni : Opera, Iris
| | M : | John Phillip Sousa : Comic Opera, The Bride Elect
| | VA : | John William Waterhouse : Ariadne | | VA : | Gustav Klimt : Pallas Athene
| | PH : | "The Boxers", an anti-foreign, anti-Western organisation formed in China | | RP : | Bismarck: Reflections and Memoirs | | ST : | Dysentery bacillus discovered | | PH : | Empress Elizabeth of Austria murdered by Ital. anarchist in Geneva | | ST : | Ger. Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin builds his airship | | DL : | Paris Métro opened | | PH : | Paul Kruger re-elected President of Transvaal | | ST : | Photographs first taken utilising artificial light | | ST : | Radium and polonium discovered | | ST : | Ramsay discovered the inert atmospheric gases zenon, crypton, and neon | | VA : | The Mackintosh School of Art in Glasgow | | PH : | U.S. declares war on Spain over Cuba; Treaty of Paris GO ! | | LT : | Lewis Carroll dies 14 January | | VA : | Aubrey Beardsley dies | | LT : | Walt Whitman dies 26 March | | M : | Ernst Bacon born 26 May | | VA : | Sir Edward Coley Burne-Jones dies 17 June | | VA : | Maurits Cornelis Escher born | | M : | George Gershwin born 26 September | | VA : | René Magritte born |
|
| | | LT : | W.B. Yeats: The Wind Among the Reeds | | M : | Jules Massenet : Opera, Cendrillon
('Cinderella')
| | M : | Jean Sibelius : Finlandia
| | M : | Jean Sibelius : Symphony
No.1
| | M : | Arnold Schoenberg : Verklärte Nacht
('Transfigured Night'), for string sextet (arranged later for string orchestra)
| | M : | Erik Satie : Ballet, Jack-in-the-box
| | M : | Maurice Ravel : Pavane pour une infante défunte
for piano (later orchestrated)
| | M : | Edward Elgar : Enigma Variations, Sea Pictures
| | M : | Frederick Delius : Paris: the Song of a Great City
nocturne for orchestra
| | M : | Claude Debussy : Nocturnes
for orchestra
| | M : | Isaac Manuel Francisco Albéniz : Catalonia, suite populaire
for orchestra
| | M : | John Phillip Sousa : March, Hands across the Sea
| | VA : | Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema : The Baths of Caraculla | | VA : | Edvard Munch : The Dance of Life | | VA : | Edvard Munch : The Dead Mother | | RP : | Alexander Bain: The Realisation of the Possible | | ST : | Alpha and beta rays discovered in radioactive atoms | | PH : | Boer War between Britain and the Boers | | RP : | Ernst Haeckel: Die Welträtsel | | PH : | First Peace Conference at The Hague | | ST : | First magnetic recording of sound | | RP : | H.S. Chamberlain: The Foundations of the Nineteenth Century | | RP : | James Ward: Naturalism and Agnosticism | | RP : | John Dewey: School and Society | | PH : | London borough councils established | | RP : | Pope Leo XIII's bull Testem Benevolentiae condemns the "Americanism" of Isaac Thomas Hecker | | M : | Francis Poulenc born 7 January | | VA : | Alfred Sisley dies 29 January | | M : | Johann Strauss II dies 3 June |
|
| | | VA : | Paul Cézanne : Chateau Noir | | PH : | The Foraker Act establishes a government for Puerto Rico | | PH : | Boxer risings in China against Europeans | | PH : | Commonwealth of Australia created | | DL : | First Nobel Prizes awarded | | ED : | Sigmund Freud: The Interpretation of Dreams | | DL : | World Exhibition in Paris | | VA : | Wallace Collection, London, opens | | VA : | Gaugin : Noa Noa, report on his travels through Tahiti | | ST : | F.E. Dorn discovers radon | | ST : | Arthur Evan's excavations in Crete | | RP : | Shintoism reinstated in Japan against Buddhist influence | | RP : | Bertrand Russell : A Critical Exposition of the Philosophy of Leibniz | | VA : | Paul Cézanne : Mont Sainte-Victoire
above the Tholonet Road | | M : | Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov : Opera, The Legend of Tsar Saltan
(including 'The Flight of the Bumblebee' and 'The Tsar's Departure and Farewell')
| | M : | Giacomo Puccini : Opera, Tosca
| | M : | Gustav Mahler : Symphony
No.4
| | M : | Gabriel Urbain Fauré : Requiem Mass
(final version)
| | M : | Edward Elgar : Oratorio
'The Dream of Gerontius'
| | M : | Antonin Dvorák : Opera, Rusalka
| | VA : | Edmund Blair Leighton : Godspeed | | PH : | King Umberto I, king of Italy, assassinated; succeeded by his son, Victor Emmanuel III | | VA : | Fauvist movement in painting begins, led by Henri Matisse | | ST : | Max Planck Formulates Quantum Theory | | M : | Aaron Copland born 14 November | | M : | Arthur Sullivan dies 22 November |
|
| | | ST : | First Trans-Atlantic radio signal | | PH : | Queen Victoria dies, succeeded by her son, Edward VII | | PH : | U.S. President McKinley assassinated, Theodore Roosevelt sworn in as successor GO ! | | PH : | Queen Victoria dies, succeeded by Edward (VII) | | PH : | Peace of Peking ends Boxer uprising | | RP : | Rudolf Steiner founds anthroposophy | | VA : | Picasso's blue period | | VA : | The Siegesallee in Berlin : 32 marble statues of members of the House of Hohenzollern | | M : | Ragtime jazz develops in the U.S. | | ST : | Marconi transmits telegraphic radio messages from Cornwall to Newfoundland | | M : | Charles Ives : Three Harvest Home Chorales
| | M : | Jules Massenet : Opera, Le Jongleur de Notre Dame
('The Juggler of Notre Dame')
| | M : | Maurice Ravel : Jeux d'eau
('Fountains'), for piano
| | M : | Sergei Rachmaninov : Piano Concerto
No.2
| | M : | Edward Elgar : Pomp and Circumstance
March No.1 ('Land of Hope and Glory')
| | M : | Edward Elgar : Concert overture
'Cockaigne'
| | M : | Frederick Delius : Opera, A Village Romeo and Juliet
('Walk to the Paradise Garden' added later)
| | VA : | John William Godward : The Tease | | VA : | Edmund Blair Leighton : Accolade | | VA : | Gustav Klimt : Judith I
| | M : | Giuseppe Verdi dies 27 January | | VA : | Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec dies 9 September | | M : | Joaquín Rodrigo born 22 November |
|
| | | VA : | Paul Cézanne : Still Life with Apples,
a Bottle, and a Milk Pot | | PH : | Boer War ends | | DL : | The Teddy Bear is introduced | | PH : | Anglo-Japanese treaty recognises the independence of China and Korea | | PH : | Triple Alliance between Germany, Austria, and Italy renewed for another six years | | RP : | William James The Varieties of Religious Experience | | RP : | Benedetto Croce : Philosophy of the Spirit | | M : | Enrico Caruso makes his first phonograph recording | | DL : | King Edward VII establishes Order of Merit | | DL : | Martinique volcanic fire destroys the town of St. Pierre | | LT : | Edwin A Robinson: Captain Craig | | LT : | John Masefield: Salt-Water Ballads | | LT : | Walter de la Mare: Songs of Childhood | | LT : | Thomas Hardy: Poems of the Past and Present | | M : | Charles Ives : Symphony
No.2
| | M : | Jean Sibelius : Symphony
No.2
| | M : | Gustav Mahler : Des Knaben Wunderhorn
completed
| | M : | Gustav Mahler : Symphony
No.5
| | M : | Franz Lehár : Concert waltz, Gold und Silber
('Gold and Silver')
| | M : | Frederick Delius : Appalachia
for voices and orchestra
| | M : | Claude Debussy : Opera, Pelléas et Mélisande
| | VA : | Edmund Blair Leighton : Triston and Isolde | | VA : | Gustav Klimt : Portrait of Emilie Floge
| | M : | William Turner Walton born 29 March |
|
| | | ST : | First flight at Kitty Hawk | | VA : | First silent movie, The Great Train Robbery | | PH : | Entente Cordiale established | | PH : | King Alexander I of Serbia and Queen Draga murdered ;
Peter Karageorgevich accedes to the throne as Peter I | | PH : | Coronation durbar for Edward Vi, King-emperor, at Delhi | | RP : | G.E. Moore : Principia Ethica | | RP : | Cardinal Guiseppe Sarto installed - Pope Pius X | | M : | Oscar Hammerstein builds the Manhattan Opera House, New York | | M : | First recording of an opera : Verdi's Ernani | | ED : | Universities of Liverpool and Manchester founded | | ST : | Electrocardiograph invented | | VA : | Deutsches Museum, Munich, opens | | DL : | First Tour de France | | DL : | Ford Motor Company founded | | LT : | Thomas Traherne: Poems published | | M : | Manuel de Falla : Piano Pieces, Allegro de concierto
| | M : | Richard Strauss : Symphonia Domestica
| | M : | Jean Sibelius : Incidental music
to the play Kuolema ('Death')
| | M : | Jean Sibelius : Violin Concerto
| | M : | Arnold Schoenberg : Symphonic Poem, Pelleas und Melisande
| | M : | Erik Satie : (Trois) morceaux en forme de poire
| | M : | Maurice Ravel : Shéhérazade
for mezzo-soprano and orchestra
| | M : | Sergei Rachmaninov : Ten Piano Preludes
| | M : | Leoš Janácek : Opera, Jenûfa
(later revised)
| | M : | Claude Debussy : Estampes
('Engravings'), for piano (including 'Jardins sous la pluie')
| | VA : | John William Waterhouse : Windflowers | | VA : | Eugène Henri Paul Gauguin dies 9 May | | VA : | Camille Pissarro dies 13 November |
|
| | | PH : | Russo-Japanese War begins | | PH : | Theodore Roosevelt elected president GO ! | | PH : | Hereros and Hottentots revolt in German South-west Africa | | LT : | Abbey Theatre, Dublin, founded | | RP : | Church and state separated in France | | ED : | Freud : The Psychopathology of Everyday Life | | RP : | Max Weber : The Protestant Ethic and the Birth of Capitalism | | M : | First radio transmission of music at Graz, Austria | | M : | London Symphony Orchestra gives its first concert | | ST : | First telegraphic transmission of photographs - Munich to Nuremburg | | DL : | Ten-hour work day established in France | | DL : | Carl Lindstrom Company founded in Berlin for the production
of phonographs and phonograph records | | VA : | Anthony Frederick Sandys dies | | LT : | Walter de la Mare: Henry Brocken | | M : | Charles Ives : Thanksgiving
| | M : | Giacomo Puccini : Opera, Madame Butterfly
| | M : | Gustav Mahler : Kindertotenlieder
('Songs of the Death of Children')
| | M : | Edvard Grieg : Lyric Suite
for orchestra
| | M : | Edward Elgar : Overture
'In the South'
| | M : | Frederick Delius : Sea Drift
for baritone and orchestra
| | VA : | John William Godward : Dolce Far Niente | | VA : | John William Waterhouse : Psyche Entering Cupid's Garden | | PH : | Entente Cordiale: Britain and France settle their international differences | | ST : | General theory of radioactivity by Rutherford and Soddy | | DL : | New York City subway opens | | VA : | Jean Léon Gérôme dies 10 January | | M : | Antonin Dvorák dies 1 May | | VA : | Salvador Dali born |
|
| | | PH : | "Bloody Sunday" - Russian Revolution of 1905 | | ST : | Einstein proposes his theory of relativity | | PH : | Norwegian parliament decides on separation from Sweden;
Prince Charles of Denmark elected King Haakon VII of Norway | | PH : | Sinn Fein Party founded in Dublin | | DL : | William Haywood and others found the International Workers of the World (Wobblies) | | LT : | Police censure closes Shaw's Mrs. Warren's Profession after one performance | | RP : | George Santayana : The Life of Reason | | VA : | Picasso begins his "Pink Period" | | DL : | First motor buses in London | | DL : | First neon lights appear | | M : | Manuel de Falla : Opera, La Vida Breve
('The Short Life')
| | M : | Richard Strauss : Opera, Salome
| | M : | Jean Sibelius : Incidental music
to the play Pelléas et Mélisande
| | M : | Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov : Opera, Tale of the Invisible City of Kitezh
| | M : | Maurice Ravel :
Introduction and Allegro for flute, clarinet, harp, and string quartet
| | M : | Gustav Mahler : Symphonies
No.6 and No.7
| | M : | Franz Lehár : Operetta, Die lustige Witwe
('The Merry Widow')
| | M : | Edward Elgar :
Introduction and Allegro for Strings
| | M : | Frederick Delius : A Mass of Life
for soloists, chorus and orchestra
| | M : | Claude Debussy : Images, Book I
for piano
| | M : | Claude Debussy : La mer
('The sea'), for orchestra
| | M : | Franz Strauss dies 31 May | | VA : | Sir Adolph William Bouguereau dies 19 August |
|
| | | DL : | Finland is the first European country to give women the right to vote | | M : | The English Hymnal, edited by Percy Dearmer and Ralph Vaughan Williams | | RP : | Franz X. Wernz, the Jesuit general, reforms the order's plan for studies | | RP : | Albert Schweitzer : The Quest of the Historical Jesus | | M : | Mozart Festival in Salzburg | | ST : | The term "allergy" introduced to medicine | | DL : | Simplon Tunnel between Italy and Switzerland opens | | M : | Anton von Webern : Rondo
| | M : | Jean Sibelius : Symphonic fantasy, Pohjola's Daughter
| | M : | Zoltán Kodály : Symphonic Poem, Summer Evening
(later revised)
| | M : | John Phillip Sousa : Comic Opera, The Free Lance
| | DL : | San Francisco earthquake and three-day fire; more than 500 dead | | ST : | Roald Amundsen, Norwegian explorer, fixes magnetic North Pole | | M : | Dmitry Shostakovich born 25 September | | VA : | Paul Cézanne dies 22 October |
|
| | | PH : | Ten Rules of War established at the second Hague Peace Conference | | VA : | Picasso introduces Cubism | | DL : | Typhoid Mary captured for the first time | | DL : | First completely synthetic man-made substance (plastic) | | PH : | English and French agree on Siamese independence | | RP : | Henri Bergson : L'Evolution créatrice | | RP : | William James : Pragmatism | | RP : | Alfred Adler : Study of Organ Inferiority and Its Psychical Compensation | | RP : | United methodist Church established in Britain | | RP : | Papal encyclical Pascendi gregis condemns modernism | | VA : | First Cubist exhibition in Paris | | DL : | Boy Scouts founded | | LT : | Sara Teasdale: Sonnets to Duse, and Other Poems | | VA : | Frank Cadogan Cowper : Vanity | | M : | Anton von Webern : Quintet
for strings and piano
| | M : | Charles Ives : Central Park in the Dark
| | M : | Jean Sibelius : Symphony
No.3
| | M : | Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov : Opera, The Golden Cockerel
| | M : | Sergei Rachmaninov : Symphony
No.2
| | M : | Gustav Mahler : Symphony
No.8 'Symphony of a Thousand'
| | M : | Frederick Delius : Brigg Fair: An English Rhapsody
| | M : | Claude Debussy : Images, Book II
for piano
| | VA : | Gustav Klimt : Danae
| | VA : | Gustav Klimt : The Kiss | | LT : | Wystan Hugh Auden born 21 February | | M : | Edvard Grieg dies 4 September |
|
| | | DL : | Ford introduces the Model-T | | PH : | Three year-old Pu Yi becomes Emperor of China | | PH : | Turks revolt in the Ottoman Empire | | PH : | King Carlos I of Portugal and the crown prince both assassinated; Manuel II becomes king | | PH : | Leopold II transfers the Congo to Belgium | | PH : | Ferdinand I of Bulgaria assumes the title czar and declares his country's independence | | PH : | Crete proclaims union with Greece | | PH : | Union of South Africa established | | VA : | "Ashcan School" established by Robert Henri, John Sloan, George Luks, George Bellows, Everett Shinn | | VA : | Matisse coins the term "Cubism" | | DL : | London hosts the Olympic Games | | ED : | Cairo University opened | | DL : | First Model T produced | | LT : | Thomas Traherne: Centuries of Meditations | | LT : | John Masefield: Captain Margaret | | LT : | Thomas Hardy: the last of three parts of The Dynasts published | | M : | Anton von Webern :
Passacaglia for Orchestra
| | M : | Charles Ives : The Unanswered Question
| | M : | Franz Schreker : Ballet, Der Geburtstag der Infantin
('The Infant's Birthday')
| | M : | Maurice Ravel : Rapsodie espagnole
for orchestra
| | M : | Maurice Ravel : Gaspard de la nuit
('Phantoms of the Night'), for piano
| | M : | Leoš Janácek : Along an Overgrown Path
15 pieces for piano
| | M : | Gustav Holst : Opera, Savitri
| | M : | Edward Elgar : Symphony
No.1 (Adagio)
| | M : | Frederick Delius : Rhapsody, In a Summer Garden
| | M : | Claude Debussy : Children's Corner
for piano (including 'Jimbo's Lullaby' and 'Golliwogg's Cake-walk')
| | M : | Béla Bartók : String Quartet
No.1
| | M : | Igor Stravinsky : Opera, The Nightingale
| | DL : | Earthquake kills 150,000 in southern Italy and Sicily | | LT : | Theodore Roethke born 25 May | | M : | Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov dies 21 June | | M : | Olivier Messiaen born 10 December | | M : | Elliott Cook Carter born 11 December |
|
| | | PH : | Japan's Prince Ito is assassinated | | LT : | Edwin A Robinson: The Town down the River | | LT : | John Masefield: Multitude and Solitude and The Tragedy of Nan | | LT : | Thomas Hardy: Time's Laughingstocks | | M : | Anton von Webern :
Five movements for String Quartet
| | M : | Anton von Webern :
Six Pieces for Large Orchestra
| | M : | Charles Ives : Piano Sonata
No.1
| | M : | Charles Ives : Washington's Birthday
| | M : | Jules Massenet : Opera, Don Quichotte
('Don Quixote')
| | M : | Ralph Vaughan Williams : Symphony
No.1, 'A Sea Symphony'
| | M : | Ralph Vaughan Williams : Song-cycle, On Wenlock Edge
| | M : | Richard Strauss : Opera, Elektra
| | M : | Arnold Schoenberg : Erwartung
('Expectation'), for soprano and orchestra
| | M : | Arnold Schoenberg : Five Orchestral Pieces
| | M : | Sergei Rachmaninov : Symphonic Poem, Isle of the Dead
| | M : | Sergei Rachmaninov : Piano Concerto
No.3
| | M : | Gustav Mahler : Symphony
No.9
| | M : | Gustav Mahler : Song-symphony
Das Lied von der Erde
| | M : | Franz Lehár : Operetta, Der Graf von Luxemburg
('The Count of Luxemburg')
| | M : | Gustav Holst : Suite
No.1, for military band
| | M : | Isaac Manuel Francisco Albéniz : Suite Iberia
for piano
| | ST : | North Pole reportedly reached by American explorers Robert E. Peary and Matthew Henson | | M : | Isaac Manuel Francisco Albéniz dies 18 May | | VA : | Francis Bacon born |
|
| | | ST : | Halley's comet makes an appearance | | LT : | John Masefield: The Tragedy of Pompey the Great | | LT : | Walter de la Mare: The Return and The Three Mulla Mulgars | | M : | Anton von Webern :
Four Pieces for violin and piano
| | M : | Ralph Vaughan Williams : Fantasia on a Theme by Thomas Tallis
for strings
| | M : | Maurice Ravel : Ma mère l'oye
('Mother Goose'), for two pianos (later orchestrated)
| | M : | Sergei Rachmaninov : Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom
for choir
| | M : | Sergei Rachmaninov : Thirteen Piano Preludes
| | M : | Giacomo Puccini : Opera, La fanciulla del West
('The Girl of the Golden West')
| | M : | Gustav Mahler : Symphony
No.10, unfinished
| | M : | Franz Lehár : Operetta, Zigeunerliebe
('Gypsy Love')
| | M : | Gustav Holst : Hymns from the Rig Veda
for chorus and orchestra (one of several sets)
| | M : | Edward Elgar : Violin Concerto
| | M : | Frederick Delius : Opera, Fennimore and Gerda
| | M : | Claude Debussy : Préludes, Book I
for piano (including 'Viole')
| | M : | Igor Stravinsky : Ballet, The Firebird
| | M : | Samuel Barber born 9 March | | M : | Frank Loesser born 29 June | | VA : | Henri Rousseau dies in Paris | | VA : | William Holman Hunt dies 7 September | | VA : | Winslow Homer dies |
|
| | | PH : | The Chinese Revolution | | ST : | Structure of an atom discovered
| | DL : | Greenwich Mean Time adopted | | VA : | Mona Lisa is stolen | | LT : | Sara Teasdale: Helen of Troy, and Other Poems | | LT : | John Masefield: The Everlasting Mercy | | LT : | Rupert Brooke: Poems | | M : | Charles Ives : String Quartet
No.2
| | M : | Charles Ives : Symphony
No.3
| | M : | Richard Strauss : Opera, Der Rosenkavalier
| | M : | Jean Sibelius : Symphony
No.4
| | M : | Arnold Schoenberg : Gurrelieder
('Songs of Gurra'), for voices and orchestra
| | M : | Sergei Rachmaninov : Études-tableux Opus 33
for piano
| | M : | Gustav Holst : Suite
No.2, for military band
| | M : | Edward Elgar : Symphony
No.2
| | M : | Frederick Delius : Summer Night on the River
for small orchestra
| | M : | Frederick Delius : Song of the High Hills
for chorus and orchestra
| | M : | Béla Bartók : Allegro barbaro
for piano
| | M : | Igor Stravinsky : Ballet, Petrushka
| | VA : | Edmund Blair Leighton : Stiching the Standard | | DL : | Triangle Shirtwaist Company fire in New York; 146 killed | | PH : | Mexican Revolution: Porfirio Diaz, president since 1877, replaced by Francisco Madero | | ST : | First use of aircraft as offensive weapon in Turkish-Italian War | | PH : | Chinese Republic proclaimed after revolution overthrows Manchu dynasty; Sun Yat-sen named president | | ST : | Amundsen reaches South Pole | | PH : | Italy defeats Turks and annexes Tripoli and Libya | | M : | Irving Berlin's Alexander's Ragtime Band | | M : | Gustav Mahler dies 18 May | | VA : | Edwin Austin Abbey | | VA : | Howard Pyle dies |
|
| | | DL : | Oreo cookies first introduced | | DL : | The Titanic sinks | | LT : | Walter de la Mare: The Listeners and Other Poems | | VA : | Marc Chagall : Adam and Eve | | M : | Franz Schreker : Opera, Der ferne Klang
('The Distant Sound')
| | M : | Arnold Schoenberg : Song-cycle, Pierrot lunaire
('Moonstruck Pierrot')
| | M : | Maurice Ravel : Ballet, Daphnis and Chloë
| | M : | Sergei Rachmaninov : Fourteen Songs
| | M : | Sergei Prokofiev : Piano Concerto
No.1
| | M : | Leoš Janácek : In the Mists
for piano
| | M : | Gustav Holst : Oriental Suite, Beni Mora
| | M : | Frederick Delius : On Hearing the First Cuckoo in Spring
for small orchestra
| | M : | Claude Debussy : Images
for orchestra (including 'Gigue')
| | M : | Sir Charles Hubert Hastings Parry : Seven Choral Preludes for Organ
Set I
| | VA : | Frederick Maxfield Parrish : Sleeping Beauty | | PH : | Balkan Wars begin | | VA : | Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema dies 25 June | | M : | Jules Massenet dies 13 August | | M : | John Cage born 5 September |
|
| | | DL : | First crossword puzzle | | DL : | Personal income tax introduced in U.S. | | LT : | John Masefield: Dauber | | LT : | Walter de la Mare: Peacock Pie: A Book of Rhymes | | LT : | Thomas Hardy: A Changed Man | | LT : | Robert Frost: A Boy's Will | | M : | Anton von Webern :
Five Pieces for Orchestra
| | M : | Anton von Webern :
Six Bagatelles for String Quartet
| | M : | Charles Ives : Fourth of July
| | M : | Ralph Vaughan Williams : Symphony
No.2, 'A London Symphony'
| | M : | Franz Schreker : Opera, Das Spielwerk und die Prinzessin
('The Music Box and the Princess')
| | M : | Arnold Schoenberg : Die Glückliche Hand,
('The Lucky Hand'), drama for orchestra and chorus
| | M : | Erik Satie : Trois embryons desséchés
('Three dried-up embryos')
| | M : | Sergei Rachmaninov : Choral Symphony, The Bells
| | M : | Gustav Holst : St. Paul's Suite
for strings
| | M : | Gabriel Urbain Fauré : Opera, Pénélope
| | M : | Edward Elgar : Falstaff
(Symphonic Study)
| | M : | Claude Debussy : Préludes, Book II
for piano
| | M : | Claude Debussy : Ballet, Jeux
| | M : | Igor Stravinsky : Ballet, The Rite of Spring
| | PH : | Balkan Wars end with London peace treaty | | ST : | Henry Ford develops first moving assembly line | | PH : | Bill creating U.S. Federal Reserve System becomes law GO ! | | PH : | Woodrow Wilson becomes 28th U.S. president GO ! | | VA : | Armory Show introduces modern art to U.S.; Duchamp's Nude Descending a Staircase shocks public | | DL : | Suffragists demonstrate in London | | DL : | Garment workers strike in New York and Boston; win pay raise and shorter hours | | M : | Witold Lutoslawski born 25 January | | M : | Benjamin Britten born 22 November |
|
| | | PH : | World War I begins GO ! | | LT : | Edwin A Robinson: Van Zorn | | LT : | Thomas Hardy: Satires of Circumstance | | LT : | Robert Frost: North of Boston | | M : | Anton von Webern :
Three Little Pieces for Violincello and Piano
| | M : | Charles Ives : Three Places in New England
| | M : | Ralph Vaughan Williams : A Lark Ascending
for violin and orchestra
| | M : | Jean Sibelius : Symphonic Poem, The Oceanides
| | M : | Ottorino Respighi : Sinfonia drammatica
| | M : | Maurice Ravel :
Trio for piano, violin, cello
| | DL : | Panama Canal officially opened | | PH : | U.S. Marines occupy Veracruz, Mexico, intervening in civil war to protect American interests |
|
| | | LT : | Sara Teasdale: Rivers to the Sea | | LT : | Edwin A Robinson: The Porcupine | | LT : | Rupert Brooke: 1914 and Other Poems | | M : | Charles Ives : Piano Sonata
No.2 "Concord Mass. 1840-60"
| | M : | Manuel de Falla : Noches en los jardines de España
('Nights in the Gardens of Spain')
| | M : | Manuel de Falla : Ballet, El Amor Brujo
('Love, the Magician')
| | M : | Richard Strauss : An Alpine Symphony
| | M : | Jean Sibelius : Symphony
No.5
| | M : | Zoltán Kodály : Cello Sonata
| | M : | Gabriel Urbain Fauré : Song-cycle, Le Jardin clos
('The Enclosed Garden')
| | M : | Claude Debussy : 12 Etudes
('Studies'), for piano
| | M : | Sir Charles Hubert Hastings Parry : The Wanderer
| | M : | Sir Charles Hubert Hastings Parry : Chorale Fantasia
based on an old English tune When I Survey the Wondrous Cross
| | M : | Sir Charles Hubert Hastings Parry : Chorale Fantasia, O God, Our Help
| | M : | Sir Charles Hubert Hastings Parry : Chorale Fantasia, The Old Hundredth
| | PH : | Genocide of estimated 600,000 to 1 million Armenians by Turkish soldiers | | ST : | Albert Einstein's General Theory of Relativity | | VA : | D. W. Griffith's film Birth of a Nation | | VA : | Walter Crane dies | | LT : | Rupert Brooke dies 23 April | | VA : | Arthur Hughes dies 23 December |
|
| | | LT : | W.B. Yeats: Reveries over Childhood and Youth | | LT : | Edwin A Robinson: The Man against the Sky | | LT : | Robert Frost: Mountain Interval | | LT : | Rupert Brooke: Letters From America (posth.) | | M : | Charles Ives : Symphony
No.4
| | M : | Arnold Schoenberg :
Second Chamber Symphony
| | M : | Ottorino Respighi : Symphonic Poem, The Fountains of Rome
| | M : | Gustav Holst : Orchestral suite, The Planets
| | M : | Frederick Delius : Violin Concerto
| | M : | Sir Charles Hubert Hastings Parry : Seven Choral Preludes for Organ
Set II
| | M : | Sir Charles Hubert Hastings Parry : Jerusalem
| | VA : | John William Waterhouse : I am Half Sick of Shadows | | VA : | John William Waterhouse : Miranda | | VA : | John William Waterhouse : A Tale from Decameron | | PH : | U.S. buys Virgin Islands from Denmark for $25 million | | PH : | President Wilson re-elected with “he kept us out of war” slogan. GO ! | | PH : | Easter Rebellion in Ireland put down by British troops | | ST : | Margaret Sanger opens first birth control clinic | | PH : | 24 April - Irish nationalists launch the Easter rebellion in Dublin, Republic declared and Patrick Pearse announced as first President | | M : | Milton Byron Babbitt born 10 May | | PH : | 22 November - Emperor Franz Josef of Austria-Hungary, dies; he is succeeded by Charles I |
|
| | | LT : | First Pulitzer Prizes awarded | | PH : | Russian Revolution | | PH : | U.S. enters World War I | | LT : | W.B. Yeats: The Wild Swans at Coole | | LT : | Sara Teasdale: Love Songs | | LT : | Edwin A Robinson: Merlin | | LT : | Thomas Hardy: Moments of Vision | | LT : | Robert Graves: Over the Brazier | | LT : | T S Eliot: The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock | | M : | Erik Satie : Ballet, Parade
| | M : | Ottorino Respighi : Ancient Airs and Dances
first series
| | M : | Giacomo Puccini : Opera, La rondine
('The Swallow')
| | M : | Sergei Prokofiev : Violin Concerto
No.1
| | M : | Sergei Prokofiev : Symphony
No.1 'Classical'
| | M : | Francis Poulenc : Rapsodie nègre
for baritone and instrumental ensemble
| | M : | Leoš Janácek : Opera, The Excursions of Mr. Broucek
| | M : | Gustav Holst : The Hymn of Jesus
for chorus and orchestra
| | M : | Béla Bartók : String Quartet
No.2
| | M : | Béla Bartók : Ballet, The Wooden Prince
| | M : | Igor Stravinsky : Les Noces
('The Wedding'), for voices, percussion and four pianos
| | PH : | Balfour Declaration promises Jewish homeland in Palestine. | | RP : | Sigmund Freud's Introduction to Psychoanalysis | | VA : | John William Waterhouse dies 10 February |
|
| | | DL : | Daylight Saving
Time introduced | | PH : | Russian Czar Nicholas II and his family are killed | | LT : | Robert Graves: Fairies and Fusiliers | | M : | Franz Schreker : Opera, Die Gezeichneten
('The Stigma Bearers')
| | M : | Erik Satie : Socrate,
for voices and instruments
| | M : | Giacomo Puccini : Il trittico
('The Triptych'), three one-act operas
| | M : | Francis Poulenc : Trois mouvements perpétuels
for piano
| | M : | Leoš Janácek : Orchestral rhapsody, Taras Bulba
| | M : | Edward Elgar : String Quartet
| | M : | Béla Bartók : Opera, Duke Bluebeard's Castle
| | M : | Igor Stravinsky : The Soldier's Tale,
for speaker, chamber ensemble, dancers
| | M : | Sir Charles Hubert Hastings Parry : Elégie
| | DL : | Worldwide influenza epidemic strikes; by 1920, nearly 20 million will be dead ("Spanish Flu") | | PH : | Russian Civil War between Reds (Bolsheviks) and Whites (anti-Bolsheviks) | | PH : | German Kaiser abdicates (Nov.); hostilities cease on the Western Front | | VA : | Gustav Klimt dies 6 February | | M : | Claude Debussy dies 25 March | | LT : | Joyce Kilmer dies 30 July | | M : | Leonard Bernstein born 25 August | | M : | Sir Charles Hubert Hastings Parry dies 7 October |
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