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VA : Corrado Giaquinto : Justice and Peace VA : Bernardo Bellotto : View of Vienna from the Belvedere LT : Candide written by Voltaire DL : The Botanical Gardens founded at Kew in London PH : Cherokee War against the English begins VA : Jean-Marc Nattier : Portrait of a Lady as a Vestal Virgin PH : King Ferdinand VI of Spain dies; succeeded by Charles II RP : Alexander Gerard: An Essay on Taste ED : Oliver Goldshmith: An Enquiry Into the Present State of Polite Learning in Europe RP : Expulsion of Jesuits from Portugal RP : Adam Smith: Theory of Moral Sentiments VA : William Chambers: Treatise on Civil Architecture ST : Franz Aepinus: Testamen theoriae electricitatis et magnetesmi ED : Bavarian Academy of Science founded ED : British Museum opened (at Montagu House) DL : The Publish Ledger , London daily paper, appearsM : George Frideric Handel dies 14 April
PH : George III becomes King of England PH : Catherine II, The Great becomes ruler of Russia PH : King George II of England dies; succeeded by his grandson George III LT : James Macpherson: Fragments of Ancient Poetry, Collected in the Highlands , famous literary fraud VA : First exhibition of contemporary art at Royal Society of Arts, London M : Noverre, ballet master at Stuttgart, publishes his Letter on Dancing and Ballets ED : First British school for deaf and dumb opened by Thomas Braidwood, Edinburgh DL : Josiah Wedgewood founds pottery works at Etrurua, Staffordshire ST : Botanical Gardens in Kew, London, opened DL : Rules of whist laid down by Edmund Hoyle M : C.P.E. Bach : Sonatas with Varied Repeats
VA : George Stubbs : Mares and Foals in a Landscape VA : Richard Wilson : Solitude VA : Francesco Zuccarelli : Mountain Landscape with Washerwomen and Fisherman
M : Christoph Willibald Gluck : Ballet, Don Juan
M : Joseph Haydn : Symphonies VA : Jean-Baptiste Greuze : The Laundress VA : Jean-Baptiste Greuze : The Village Betrothal VA : Pompeo Girolamo Batoni : Diana & Cupid VA : Anton Raphael Mengs : Parnassus
VA : Allan Ramsay : Mrs. Martin PH : Ieharu, the new Shogun of Japan LT : Benjamin Victor: History of the Theatres of London and Dublin RP : Henry Home: An Introduction to the Art of Thinking ST : Russian scientist and poet Mikhail V. Lomonosov discovers the atmosphere of Venus ST : B.G. Morgagni: On the Causes of Diseases , beginning of pathological anatomy ST : Johann Peter Süssmilch initiates study of statistics ED : First French veterinary school founded at Lyons ST : Society of Arts, London, opens first exhibition of agricultural machines
VA : Allan Ramsay : Queen Charlotte M : Christoph Willibald Gluck : Opera, Orfeo ed Euridice
VA : Thomas Gainsborough : William Pointz VA : George Stubbs : Whistlejacket VA : Richard Wilson : Lake Albano PH : Czarina Elizabeth of Russia dies; succeeded by Peter III, who dies by assassination; succeeded by Catherine II PH : Treaty of Hamburg between Sweden and Prussia PH : Russo-Prussian alliance against Austria signed PH : Truce between Prussia, Saxony, and the Holy Roman Empire ED : Robert Lowth: Introduction to English Grammar RP : George Campbell: Dissertation on Miracles ED : John Parkhurst: Hebrew and English Lexicon RP : Rousseau: Du Contrat social, ou principes du droit politique ED : Sorbonne Library, Paris, opened VA : Stuart and Revett: Classical Antiquities of Athens , Vol I M : Benjamin Franklin improves the harmonica, turning it into a practical musical instrument ST : At Carron ironworks in Stirlingshire, Scotland, cast iron converted for the first time into malleable iron
PH : The Seven Years war ends with the Treaties of Paris and Hubertusburg GO ! PH : Augustus III dies; he is succeeded (1764) by Stanislaw II, the last king of Poland VA : Jean-Baptiste Greuze : Filial Piety VA : Jean-Baptiste Oudry : Still-life with Pheasant VA : Joseph Marie Vien : The Cupid Seller RP : Voltaire: Treatise on Tolerance ED : Frederick the Great establishes village schools in Prussia
VA : German historian Johann Winckelmann publishes his History of the Art of Antiquity M : Joseph Haydn : Symphony PH : Pontiac's Rebellion in Ohio valley PH : Stanislas Poniatowski elected King of Poland PH : Hyder Ali usurps throne of Mysore RP : Confiscation of Church lands in Russia PH : Deposed Czar Ivan VI murdered in prison RP : Jesuits suppressed in France LT : The Literary Club founded in London by Dr. Johnson, with Burke, Gibbon, Goldsmith, Reynolds, etc. LT : Literary salons founded in Paris by Mme. Necker and Mlle. de Lespinasse RP : Cesare Beccaria-Conesana: On Crimes and Punishments RP : Charles Bonnet: Contemplation de la nature ED : Brown University, Providence, R.I. founded RP : Voltaire: Philosophical Dictionary VA : J.J. Winckelmann: History of Ancient Art ST : James Watt invents condenser, first step toward steam engine DL : London introduces practice of numbering houses PH : April - Sugar Act passed by Parliament to offset expenses of the French and Indian War M : Johann Mattheson dies 17 April PH : July - James Otis publishes The Rights of the British Colonies Asserted and Proved VA : William Hogarth dies 26 October
VA : Thomas Gainsborough : Studies of a Cat PH : Joseph II becomes the Holy Roman Emperor VA : Corrado Giaquinto dies VA : Sir Joshua Reynolds : Lady Sarah Bunbury VA : Bernardo Bellotto : The Ruins of the Old PH : British Parliament passes Stamp Act for taxing American colonies GO ! PH : Emperor Francis I, Maria Theresa's husband dies; their son Joseph II succeeds as Holy Roman Emperor, becomes co-regent with his mother RP : A.R.J. Turgot: Refléxions sur la formation et la distribution des richesses ST : Spallanzani suggests preserving by means of hermetic sealing DL : Bank of Prussia founded by Frederick the Great VA : Charles-André van Loo dies 15 July
ST : The Nautical Almanac provides the first practical method for determining longitude M : C.P.E. Bach : Six Easy Keyboard Sonatas
VA : Jean Honoré Fragonard : The Swing VA : Allan Ramsay : Portrait of David Hume PH : Repeal of Stamp Act, but Declaratory Act states Britain's right to tax American colonies GO ! PH : Frederick V of Denmark dies; succeeded by the mad Christian VII LT : Theatre Royal, Bristol, opens, oldest British theatre still in use RP : Czarina Catherine the Great grants freedom of worship in Russia ED : Adam Ferguson: Essay on the History of Civil Society VA : Lessing: Laokoon , against Winckelmann's theories ST : Louis de Bougainville sets out on voyage to Pacific on which he discovers Tahiti, the Soloman Islands, and New Guinea DL : First paved sidewalk laid in Westminster, London VA : Jean-Marc Nattier dies 7 November
PH : Russian-Turkish War VA : Anne-Louis Girodet-Trioson born VA : Giovanni Battista Pittoni dies M : Christoph Willibald Gluck : Opera, Alceste
VA : Joseph Marie Vien : Academie PH : Townshend Duties: taxes on imports of tea, glass, paper, and dyestuffs in American colonies; non-importation agreement at public protest meeting in Boston GO ! PH : First Mysore War RP : Jesuits expelled from Spain, Parma, and the Two Sicilies RP : Moses Mendelssohn: Phaedon, or the Immortality of Soul VA : J.J. Winckelmann: Monumenti antichi inediti M : Rousseau: Dictionnaire de musique ST : Astronomer Royal, Nevill Maskelyne issues Nautical Almanac ED : Maria Theresa and Joseph II introduce educational reforms in Austria ST : Joseph Priestley: The History and Present State of Electricity DL : Electrical machine with glass pane becomes a fashionable toy
DL : The first modern Circus is formed in England by Philip Astley VA : Joseph Wright of Derby : Experiment with the Air-Pump PH : Ali Bey, leader of the Mamelukes, Sultan of Egypt PH : Gurkhas conquer Nepal RP : Abraham Booth: Reign of Grace RP : Joseph Priestley: Essay on the First Principles of Government RP : Swedenborg: Delititiae sapientiae VA : Founding of the Royal Academy, London, with Joshua Reynolds as president ST : James Cook sails on first circumnavigation DL : New criminal code, on humanist principles, introduced in Austria VA : Giovanni Antonio Canal dies 20 April VA : John Crome born 22 December
M : Joseph Haydn : Symphony VA : Jean Honoré Fragonard : Inspiration DL : Privy council in London decides to retain tea duty in American colonies RP : Charles Bonnet: Palingénésie philosophique RP : Pope Clement XIII dies; Lorenzo Ganganelli becomes Pope Clement XIV RP : Johann Gottfried von Herder: Kritische Wälder ST : N.J. Cugnot constructs first steam road carriage DL : The Morning Chronicle issued in LondonDL : Johann Friedrich Oberlin opens first crêche at Steintal, Alsace
DL : Louis, the future king of France, marries Marie Antoinette M : Christoph Willibald Gluck : Opera, Paride ed Elena
VA : Thomas Gainsborough : Portrait of Jonathan Buttall VA : George Stubbs : A Horse Frightened by a Lion VA : Benjamin West : Self Portrait VA : Benjamin West : The Death of General Wolfe RP : Edmund Burke: Thoughts on the Cause of the Present Discontents RP : Kant: De mundi sensibilie et intelligibilis forma et principiis ST : James cook discovers Botany Bay, Australia ED : Elementary school education reformed in Austria ST : English "Quack" John Hill introduces method of obtaining specimens for microscopic study ST : Leonhard Euler: Introduction to Algebra DL : First public restaurant opens in Paris DL : Visiting cards introduced in England VA : Giambattista Tiepolo dies 27 March LT : William Wordsworth born 7 April VA : Baron François Gérard born 4 May VA : François Boucher dies 30 May M : Ludwig van Beethoven born 17 December VA : Jean Honoré Fragonard : The Love Letter VA : Hubert Robert : The Burning of the Hötel-Dieu during the Night of 29-30 December 1772
VA : Jean Honoré Fragonard : The Meeting PH : Gustav III succeeds his father as king of Sweden VA : Jean-Baptiste-Siméon Chardin : Self Portrait at the Easel VA : Claude-Joseph Vernet : Clair de lune VA : Joseph Wright of Derby : The Alchemist in Search of the Philosophers Stone PH : Adolphus Frederick of Sweden dies; succeeded by Gustavus III ED : Encyclopaedia Britannica, first edition RP : John William Fletcher: Five Checks to Antinomianism ED : William Robertson: History of America VA : Horace Walpole: Anecdotes of Painting ST : Luigi Galvani discovers electrical nature of nervous impulse ST : The Smeatonian Club for engineers founded in London DL : The Assembly room, Bath, England, opened DL : New York Hospital founded VA : Baron Antoine-Jean Gros born 16 March LT : Sir Walter Scott born 15 August
VA : Louis Tocqué dies LT : Anna Lætitia Barbauld: Poems M : Joseph Haydn : Symphony PH : Boston Assembly demands rights of colonies, threatens secession DL : Royal Marriage Act in Britain to prevent undesirable royal marriages PH : First Partition of Poland LT : The Göttinger Hainbund, society of young patriotic German poets, formed ED : Herder: On the Origin of Speech , on comparative philology RP : Inquisition abolished in France RP : Mirabeau: Essai sur le despotisme RP : F.S. Sullivan, Irish jurist: Lectures on the Feudal Law and the Constitution and Laws of England M : Flight and Kelly, London firm of organ builders, produces first barrel organs ST : Leonhard Eurler: Lettres à une princesse d'Allemagne , on mechanics, optics, acoustics, and astronomy ST : Daniel Rutherford and Joseph Priestley independently discover nitrogen DL : Judge William Murray decides in the Somerset case that a slave is free on landing in England LT : Samuel Taylor Coleridge born 21 October
LT : Johann Wolfgang von Goethe: Götz von Berlichingen M : Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart : Exsultate, Jubilate
('Exult, Rejoice') for soprano and orchestra.
VA : Sir Joshua Reynolds : Ladies Adorning VA : Hubert Robert : Landscape with an Arch and The Dome of St Peter's in Rome
VA : Joseph Marie Vien : Young Greek Maidens Deck Sleeping Cupid With Flowers VA : Joseph Marie Vien : Lover Crowning His Mistress VA : Joseph Wright of Derby : The Iron Forge Viewed from Without LT : Swedish national theatre established in Stockholm RP : Pope Clement XIV dissolves Jesuit Order RP : John Eerskine: Institutes of the Law in Scotland RP : Joseph II expels Jesuits from the Empire M : Charles Burney: The Present State of Music in Germany, the Netherlands, and the United Provinces M : The waltz becomes fashionable in Vienna ED : Philadelphia Museum founded DL : 10 May - British East India Company Regulating Act DL : 29-30 November - Boston Tea Party: protest against tea duty
PH : Louis XVI becomes King of France LT : Johann Wolfgang von Goethe: The Sorrows of Werther M : Christoph Willibald Gluck : Opera, Iphigénie en Aulide
M : Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart : Symphony VA : Francesco Zuccarelli : Landscape with the Education of Bacchus PH : Quebec Act, to secure Canada's loyalty to Great Britain, established Roman Catholicism in Canada PH : Louis XV, King of France, dies; succeeded by his grandson Louis XVI PH : First Continental Congress meets GO ! PH : Accession of Abdul Hamid I as Sultan of Turkey LT : Lord Chesterfield: Letters to His Son , on how a gentleman should behave RP : John Campbell: A Political Survey of Great Britain RP : John Cartwright: American Independence, the Glory and Interest of great Britain RP : Jesuits expelled from Poland RP : Anne Lee of Massachusetts settles in New York to begin a spiritualist revival ST : Aust. physician F.A. Mesmer uses hypnosis for health purposes ED : Swiss educator Johan Heinrich Pestalozzi founds school for orphaned and neglected children in Zurich to enable them to lead productive lives VA : Caspar David Friedrich born 5 September
LT : Anna Lætitia Barbauld: Devotional Pieces VA : Gavin Hamilton : Priam Pleading with Achilles
PH : Peasant's revolts in Bohemia against servitude PH : American Revolution begins GO ! RP : Cardinal Gianangelo Braschi elected in Feb as Pope Pius VI after a long conclave RP : Justus Moser: Patriotische Phantasien , plea for one organic Germany ST : Digitalis used for first time as a diuretic in dropsy ST : J.C. Fabricius: Systema entomolgiae , classification of insects ST : Pierre-Simon Girard invents water turbine ST : James Watt perfects his invention of the Steam engine DL : First British banks' clearinghouse established in Lombard Street, London DL : First Thames Regatta VA : Joseph Mallord William Turner born 23 April
VA : Jean Honoré Fragonard : A Young Girl Reading PH : Treaty of Copenhagen between Russia and Denmark RP : John Cartwright: Take your Choice , on parliamentary reform ED : Edward Gibbon: Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire RP : Richard Price:Observations on Civil Liberty and the Justice and Policy of the War with America RP : Adam Smith: An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations M : Charles Burney: History of Music M : Concerts of Ancient Music, London DL : U.S. Congress institutes a national lottery DL : Military ski competitions in Norway VA : Corrado Giaquinto dies M : Ernst Theodor Amadeus Hoffmann born 24 January VA : John Constable born 11 June PH : 4 July - Second Continental Congress adopts the Declaration of Independence GO !
RP : Christianity introduced in Korea M : Christoph Willibald Gluck : Opera, Armide
VA : Jean-Baptiste Greuze : The Paternal Curse LT : Court and National Theatre, Mannheim, founded RP : Joseph Priestley: Disquisition Relating to Matter and Spirit ST : American engineer David Bushnell invents torpedo ST : Lavoisier proves that air consists mainly of oxygen and nitrogen DL : Stars and Stripes adopted as Continental Congress flag M : Heinrich Heine born 13 December
PH : War of Bavarian Succession LT : Anna Lætitia Barbauld: Lessons for Children of Two to Three Years Old and Lessons for Children of Three Years Old M : Christoph Willibald Gluck : Opera, Iphigénie en Tauride
VA : Jean-Baptiste Greuze : Portrait of Count VA : Jean-Baptiste Greuze : The Wicked VA : Benjamin West : Romeo and Juliet PH : American colonies sign treaties with France and Holland GO ! RP : G.L.L. Buffon: Epoques de la Nature RP : J.A. Deluc: Lettres physiques et morals sur les montagnes M : La Scala, Milan, opened ST : James cook discovers Hawaii DL : Act of Congress prohibits import of slaves into the U.S. VA : Giovanni Battista Piranesi dies 9 November
M : C.P.E. Bach : Heilig
for two choruses
M : Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart : VA : Joseph Wright of Derby : Firework Display at the Castel Sant' Angelo in Rome PH : Spain declares war on Britian PH : British war against Mahrattas in India LT : Samuel Johnson: Lives of the Poets RP : David Hume: Dialogues of Natural Religion (posth.) ST : James Rennel: "Bengal Atlas" DL : First children's clinic, London DL : The Derby established at Epson racetrack, Surrey, England DL : Pope Pius VI begins draining Pontine Marshes DL : First 'velocipedes' appear in Paris VA : Anton Raphael Mengs dies 29 June VA : Jean-Baptiste-Siméon Chardin dies 6 December
VA : Jean Honoré Fragonard : Education is Everything VA : Jean Honoré Fragonard : Fête at Rambouillet VA : Jean-Baptiste Greuze : Young Woman PH : Henry Grattan demands Home Rule for Ireland PH : Gordon riots in London ("No Popery") DL : Serfdom abolished in Bohemia and Hungary PH : Empress Maria Theresa dies; succeeded by her son Joseph II PH : Outbreak of Second Mysore War PH : Rebellion in Peru against Spanish rule RP : Gaetano Filangieri: Science of Legislation M : Spanish dance 'bolero' invented M : Sébastien Erard makes first modern pianoforte ST : Circular saw invented by Gervinus ST : American Academy of Sciences founded at Boston DL : Scheller constructs first fountain pen DL : The British Gazette and Sunday Monitor , first Sunday newspapers, appear in LondonVA : Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres born 29 August VA : Bernardo Bellotto dies 17 October VA : Jean Honoré Fragonard : The Stolen Kiss
VA : Henry Fuseli : Nightmare ST : William Herschel discovers the Planet Uranus LT : Anna Lætitia Barbauld: Hymns in Prose for Children M : Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart : Piano Sonata M : Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart : Horn Concerto M : Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart : Serenade No.10
M : Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart : Opera, Idomeneo
PH : Warren Hastings deposes Rajah of Benares, plunders treasure of the Nabob of Oudh ED : Clarendon Press, Oxford, established RP : Franciscan monks settle at Los Angeles DL : Joseph II grants patent of religious tolerance and freedom of press in Austria RP : Kant: Critique of Pure Reason , fundamental work of modern philosophy RP : Moses Mendelssohn: On the Civil Amelioration of the Condition of the Jews M : Johann Adam Hiller establishes the Gewandhaus concerts at Leipzig ST : Herschel discovers the planet Uranus ST : Composition of mineral tungsten discovered DL : Serfdom abolished in Aust. dominions
VA : Henry Fuseli : The Three Witches LT : William Blake: Poetical Sketches M : Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart : Opera, The Abduction from the Seraglio
M : Joseph Haydn : Six string quartets VA : Francesco Guardi : Concert VA : George Romney : Lady Hamilton as 'Nature' PH : Tippoo Sahib succeeds Hyder Ali in Mysore PH : Rama I founds new dynasty in Siam, makes Bangkok his capital PH : Pope Pius VI in Vienna fails to persuade Joseph II to rescind program of tolerance RP : Joseph Priestley: A History of the Corruptions of Christianity ED : Royal Irish Academy, Dublin, founded RP : Dugald Stewart: Elements of the Philosophy of the Human Mind ST : Montgolfier brothers construct air balloon ST : James Watt invents double-acting rotary steam engine PH : Bank of North America established in Philadelphia VA : Richard Wilson dies 15 May M : Nicolò Paganini born 27 October
ST : First successful hot-air ballon flight
VA : Jean-Baptiste Perronneau dies M : Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart : Symphony PH : Great Britain recognises American independence DL : Joseph II enforces Germ. language in Bohemia DL : Famine in Japan ST : William Herschel: Motion of the Solar System in Space RP : Kant: Prolegomen to Any Possible Metaphysics RP : Moses Mendelssohn: Jerusalem , plea for freedom of conscience RP : Charles Simeon begins evangelical movement at Cambridge DL : Bank of Ireland founded DL : Civil marriage and divorce in Aust. dominions
VA : Sir Joshua Reynolds : Portrait of Mrs. Siddons VA : Jacques-Louis David : The Oath of the Horatii VA : Henry Fuseli : Lady Macbeth PH : Treaty of Constantinople: Turkey agrees to Russian annexation of the Crimea PH : Joseph II abrogates constitution in Hungary, suppressing feudal rights RP : First Anglican bishop for the colonies ED : Bengal Asiatic Society (study of Sanskrit) founded by William Jones RP : Bernardin de Saint-Pierre: Etudes de la nature RP : Herder: Ideas Toward a Philosophy of History RP : Kant: Notion of a Universal History in a Cosmopolitan Sense RP : John Wesley's Deed of Declaration, the charter of Wesleyan Methodism ST : Swiss inventor Aimé Argant designs oil burner ST : Eng. mathematician George Atwood accurately determines acceleration of a free-falling body ST : Joseph Bramah constructs first patent lock ST : Goethe discovers human intermaxillary bone ST : Scot. millwright Andrew Meikle invents threshing machine ED : First school for the blind in Paris DL : Serfdom abolished in Denmark VA : Allan Ramsay dies 10 August
VA : Thomas Gainsborough : Mrs. Richard Brinsley Sheridan
M : Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart : Piano Concerto M : Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart : Piano Concerto VA : George Stubbs : Haymaking PH : Der Fürstenbund (League of German Princes) formed by Frederick the Great against Joseph II PH : Commercial Treaty signed between Prussia and the U.S. LT : The Reverend James Wilmot of Warwickshire identifies Francis Bacon, as author of Shakespeare's plays ED : Educational reforms in Germany RP : Kant: Groundwork of the Metaphysic of Ethics PH : James Madison's Religious Freedom Act abolishes religious tests in Virginia RP : William Paley: Principles of Moral and Political Philosophy ST : Salsano: seismograph for measuring earthquakes VA : Pietro Longhi dies 8 May
M : Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart : Symphony M : Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart : Piano Concerto M : Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart : Opera, The Marriage of Figaro
M : Joseph Haydn : M : Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart : Piano Concerto VA : Henry Fuseli : Oedipus Cursing His Son, Polynices PH : Frederick the Great dies; succeeded by his nephew Frederick William II LT : Berlin Court Theatre opens RP : Mennonites from Central Europe settle in Canada ST : William Herschel: Catalogue of Nebulae ST : M.H.Klaproth, Ger. chemist, discovers uranium ST : American inventor H.James Rumsey designs first mechanically driven boat ST : Earliest attempts at internal gas lighting in Germany and England M : Carl Maria von Weber born 18 November
VA : Thomas Gainsborough : The Woodsman M : Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart : Serenade, Eine kleine Nachtmusik
M : Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart : Opera, Il dissoluto punito, ossia Il Don Giovanni
('The Rake Punished, or Don Giovanni')
VA : Sir Joshua Reynolds : Heads of Angels VA : Jacques-Louis David : The Death of Socrates
VA : Hubert Robert : The Pont du Gard VA : George Romney : Miss Constable PH : Aust. Netherlands declared province of Hapsburg monarchy PH : Parliament of Paris demands summoning of States-General PH : Turkey declares war on Russia RP : John Adams: A Defence of the Constitution of Government of the U.S.A. RP : Jeremy Bentham: Defence of usury ED : Imperial Russian Dictionary with 285 words in 200 languages RP : James Madison: The Vices of the Political System of the United States ST : Lavoisier: Méthode de nomenclature chimique DL : Dollar currency introduced in the US DL : English settlement founded for freed slaves in Sierra Leone VA : Pompeo Girolamo Batoni dies 4 February
DL : London's Daily Universal Register becomes the Times LT : William Blake: Natural Religion M : C.P.E. Bach : Double Concerto M : Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart : Symphony M : Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart : Concerto M : Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart : Symphony M : Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart : Symphony PH : Austria declares war on Turkey DL : Brit. parliamentary motion for abolition of slave trade PH : George III's first attack of mental illness; regency crisis in England RP : Kant Critique of Practical Reason ED : John Lemprière: Classical Dictionary RP : Hannah More: Thoughts on the Importance of the Manners of the Great to General Society ST : James Hutton: New Theory of the Earth ST : Marquis Pierre Simon de Laplace: Laws of the Planetary System DL : Bread riots in France DL : First German cigar factory opens LT : George Gordon, Lord Byron born 22 January VA : Maurice Quentin de La Tour dies 17 February VA : Thomas Gainsborough dies 2 August M : C.P.E. Bach dies 14 December VA : Francesco Zuccarelli dies 30 December
PH : George Washington elected the First President of the United States GO ! PH : The French Revolution begins ST : Planetary satellites of Saturn, Enceladus and Mimas were discovered by Herschel LT : William Wordsworth: An Evening Walk LT : William Blake: Songs of Innocence M : Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart : Opera, Cosi fan tutte
('Women Are All the Same')
VA : Jacques-Louis David : The Lictors Bring to Brutus the Bodies of His Sons
VA : George Romney : Tom Hayley as Robin Goodfellow
PH : King George II of England recovers PH : Aust. Netherlands declare independence as Belgium PH : Abdul Hamid I dies; succeeded as Sultan of Turkey by his nephew Selim III RP : Jeremy Bentham: Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation M : Charles Burney: History of Music ST : Antoine Jussieu: Genera plantarum , modern classification of plants ED : Pennsylvania State University DL : Journal des dèbates founded in ParisDL : Tammany founded as benevolent institution, but shortly after becomes political VA : Claude-Joseph Vernet dies 3 December
LT : William Blake: Marriage of Heaven and Hell LT : Anna Lætitia Barbauld: An Address to the Opposers of the Repeal of the Corporation and Test Acts VA : Henry Fuseli : Thor in the Boat of Hymir VA : Joseph Wright of Derby : An Italian Landscape with Mountains and a River PH : Joseph of Austria dies; succeeded by his brother Leopold II PH : Festival of Champs de Mars, Paris; Louis XVI accepts the constitution PH : Third Mysore War LT : Royal Literary Fund initiated by David Williams RP : Edmund Burke: Reflections on the Revolution in France RP : Jews in France are granted civil liberties RP : Kant : Kritik der Urteilskraft RP : The first Roman Catholic bishop consecrated in America M : First musical competition in America ST : Lavoisier: Table of Thirty-One Chemical Elements RP : Alexander Raditcheff: Journey from St. Petersburg to Moscow , a plea for the emancipation of serfs DL : Washington, D.C., founded PH : First session of the Supreme Court of the U.S. VA : William Blake : The Marriage of Heaven & Hell
LT : William Blake: The French Revolution LT : Anna Lætitia Barbauld: Epistle to William Wilberforce, Esq. on the Rejection of the Bill for Abolishing the Slave Trade of 1791 M : Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart : Requiem Mass
M : Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart : German Dances
(set of 3), 'Sleigh Ride'
M : Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart : Piano Concerto M : Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart : Clarinet Concerto M : Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart : Opera, The Magic Flute
VA : Benjamin West : The Expulsion of Adam and Eve from Paradise PH : Louis XVI, trying to leave France with his family is caught at Varennes and returned to Paris PH : Massacre of the Champ de Mars, Paris PH : Fr. National Assembly dissolves PH : First ten amendments to U.S. constitution (Bill of Rights) ratified GO ! PH : Canada Constitutional Act divides the country into two provinces, Upper and Lower Canada RP : Herder: Ideen zur Philosophie die Geschichte der Menschheit RP : Thomas Paine: The Rights of Man , Part I RP : Philippe Pinel: Traitè mèdico-philosophique sur l'aliènation mentale M : The waltz becomes fashionable in England DL : Bank of North America founded DL : Wilberfource's motion for abolition of slave trade carried through Parliament ED : London School of Veterinary Surgery founded VA : Jean Louis André Théodore Géricault born 26 September M : Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart dies 5 December
LT : The Old Farmers Almanac is published for the first timeLT : Anna Lætitia Barbauld: Remarks on Gilbert Wakefield's Enquiry into . . . Public or Social Worship M : Joseph Haydn : PH : Peace of Jassy ends war between Russia and Turkey PH : Leopold II of Austria dies; succeeded as Holy Roman Emperor by his son Francis II PH : The Girondists form ministry in France; the royal family imprisoned PH : Gustavus II assassinated in Stockholm Opera House: succeeded as King of Sweden by Gustavus IV PH : France declares war on Austria, Prussia, and Sardinia DL : Denmark is the first nation to abolish the slave trade PH : Two political parties formed in the U.S.: The Republican and the Federalist RP : Baptist Missionary Society founded in London RP : Thomas Paine: Rights of Man , Part II RP : Mary Wollstonecraft: Vindication of the Rights of Women ST : Worlds's first chemical society founded, Philadelphia ST : French engineer Claude Chappe invents mechanical semaphore signal ST : Illuminating gas used in England for the first time DL : Libel Act passed in Britain DL : Dollar coinage minted in U.S. M : Giaocchino Antonio Rossini born 29 February
PH : Reign of Terror in France LT : William Wordsworth: Descriptive Sketches LT : William Blake: America: A Prophecy and Visions of the Daughters of Albion LT : Anna Lætitia Barbauld: Sins of Government, Sins of the Nation VA : Jacques-Louis David : Marat Assassinated
VA : Anne-Louis Girodet-Trioson : Endymion Asleep VA : George Stubbs : William Anderson with Two Saddle-horses
PH : Louis XVI executed PH : Reign of Terror begins RP : Roman Catholicism banned in France PH : Queen Marie Antoinette executed PH : Holy Roman Empire declares war on France PH : Second Partition of Poland ED : Compulsory public education in France from the age of six RP : The Feast of Reason in St. Eustache Church, ParisRP : William Godwin; The Inquiry concerning Political Justice RP : Kant: Religion innherhalb der Grenzen der blossen Vernunft (Religion within the limits of mere reason) ST : Kermadec Islands discovered ST : Eli Whitney invents the cotton gin DL : Board of Agriculture established in Britain DL : U.S. law compels escaped slaves to return to their owners VA : Francesco Guardi dies in January LT : John Clare born 13 July
LT : Johann Wolfgang von Goethe: Wilhelm Meister’s Apprenticeship LT : William Blake: Songs of Innocence and of Experience and The First Book of Urizen VA : Jacques-Louis David : Self Portrait VA : Sir Henry Raeburn : Portrait of Sir John Sinclair VA : William Blake : God as an Architect PH : "Feast of the Supreme Being" in Paris PH : The Commune of Paris abolished PH : Jacobin Club closed PH : Habeas Corpus Act suspended in Britian PH : Agha Mohammed founds the Kajar dynasty in Persia PH : U.S. Navy established LT : Drury Lane Theatre, London, reopened ST : Erasmus Darwin: Zoonomia, or the Laws of Organic Life RP : Thomas Paine: The Age of Reason ST : Adrien Legendre: Elèments de gèomètrie ST : First telegraph, Paris - Lille DL : Slavery abolished in French colonies ED : Ecole Normale founded in Paris ED : Ecole Polytechnique, the word's first technical college, opens in Paris LT : William Cullen Bryant born 3 November
LT : William Blake: The Song of Los M : Joseph Haydn : VA : Baron François Gérard : Jean-Baptiste Isabey and his Daughter VA : Sir Henry Raeburn : Miss Eleanor Urquhart PH : Bread riots and White Terror in Paris PH : Napoleon appointed commander-in-chief, Italy PH : Secret treaty between Austria and Russia for Third Partition of Poland; joined by Prussia PH : Third Partition of Poland PH : King Stanislas II abdicates PH : Treaty of San Lorenzo between U.S. and Spain settles boundary with Florida RP : Freedom of worship in France RP : Kant: Zum ewigen Frieden M : Paris Conservatoire de Musique founded ST : Joseph Bramah invents hydraulic press ED : Institute National, Paris, to replace the abolished academies ST : Metric system adopted in France DL : Speenhamland Act for poor relief in Britain VA : Sir Joshua Reynolds dies 23 February LT : Joseph Rodman Drake born 7 August LT : John Keats born 31 October
LT : Samuel Taylor Coleridge: Poems on Various Subjects M : Joseph Haydn : Trumpet Concerto PH : John Adams elected second president of the U.S. GO ! PH : Spain declares war on Britain PH : Agha Mohammed of Persia siezes Khurasan in Khuzistan PH : Kau-Tsung, great Manchu Emperor of China dies, succeeded by Kia-King RP : Louis de Bonald: Thèorie du pouvoir politique et religieux RP : Jean Jacques Cambacérès: Projet de code civil RP : Joseph de Maistre: Considérations sur la France RP : Richard Watson: An Apology for the Bible ST : G.L.C. Cuvier founds the science of comparative zoology ST : C.W.Hufeland: Macrobiotics, or The Art to Prolong One's Life ST : Engl. physician Edward Jenner introduces vaccination against smallpox ST : J.T. Lowitz prepares pure ethyl alcohol DL : Edict of Peking forbids import of opium into China DL : Freedom of press in France ED : Royal Technical College, Glasgow, founded VA : Camille Corot born 16 July
