Peace of Madrid ratified, ending war between Venice and Austria
PH :
Prince Philip William of Orange dies; succeeded by his brother Maurice of Nassau
PH :
Count Matthias von Thurn leads Bohemians to revolt against Catholic policy of the Regents in Prague
PH :
Defenestration in Prague, when the Regents Jaroslav von Martinitz and William Slawata are thrown down from windows in Hradcany Palace by the rebels; beginning of Thirty Years' War
PH :
Ferdinand of Styria crowned King of Hungary
PH :
Duke Alber of Prussia dies; his possessions pass to the Electorate of Brandenburg
PH :
Sir Walter Raleigh returns to England and is executed
PH :
Poland signs two-year truce with Sweden, 14-years truce with Turkey
LT :
Marquise de Rambouillet starts her literary salon in Paris
LT :
Teatro Farnese opened at Parma
RP :
Robert Balfour: Commentarii in organum logicum Aristotelis
RP :
John Stow and E.Howes: Summarie of Englyshe Chronicles
ST :
Martin Böhme: Ein neu Buch von bewehrten Rosz-Arzteneyen, veterinary science
DL :
Founding of Dutch West African Company
ST :
Kepler: Harmonices mundi, stating the third law of planetary motion
ST :
Royal College of Physicians, London, issues Pharmacopoia Londinensis
ST :
Johann Jakob Scheuchzer: Natural History of the Swiss Landscape
DL :
James I: Book of Sports, the Puritans object to playing of popular sports
LT :
Sir Walter Raleigh dies 29 October
LT :
Richard Lovelace born 6 December
1619
M :
Heinrich Schütz : Psalmen Davids
PH :
Maria de'Medici challenges power of her son Louis XIII of France; Treaty of Angoulém ends conflict
PH :
The Emperor Matthias dies; Archduke Ferdinand, who assumes crown of Bohemia, is elected Holy Roman Emperor
PH :
Bohemian Diet deposes Ferdinand, and elects Frederick V, Elector Palatine, son-in-law of James I of England, King of Bohemia; Frederick, "The Winter King", crowned in Prague
PH :
First representative colonial assembly in America held at Jamestown, VA
RP :
Johann Valentin Andreae: Chritianopolis
RP :
Jakob Böhmne: On the Principles of Christianity
RP :
Hugo Grotius: De veritate religionis Christianae
RP :
Pietro Sarpi: Istoria del Concilio Tridentino published in London
RP :
Luciló Vanini, Ital. Catholic philosopher, burned as a heretic
ED :
Dulwich College, London, founded
ST :
John Bainbridge: An Astronomical Description of the Late Comet
ST :
Jan Pieters Coen, Dutch explorer founds Batavia
ST :
William Harvey announces his discovery of the circulation of the blood
DL :
Giro-Bank, Hamburg, founded to improve "desolate state of currency"
DL :
A Dutch ship brings the first permanent African settlers to Jamestown
1620
M :
Samuel Scheidt : Cantiones sacrae
PH :
Revolt of Fr. nobles against Louis XIII; Richelieu makes peace
PH :
War between Sweden and Poland
PH :
Massacre of Protestants in the Valtelline
PH :
Agreement of Ulm between Ger. Catholic League and Protestant Union
PH :
Pilgrim Fathers, leave Plymouth, England, in "Mayflower" and found Plymouth Colony in Mass. GO !
RP :
Battle of the White Mountain near Prague: Protestant clergy expelled
RP :
Johan Heinrich Alsted: Encyclopaedia septem tomis distincta
RP :
Francis Bacon: Instauratio magna: novum organum scientiarum
M :
Michael Praetorius: Syntagma musicum, musical encyclopedia
ST :
Edmund Gunter: Canon triangulorum, treatise on logarithms
ED :
Uppsala University Library founded
ST :
J.P. Bonet: The Art to Teach Dumb People to Speak, Span. manual
DL :
Oliver Cromwell denounced because he participates in the "disreputable game of cricket"
VA :
Aelbert Cuyp born
1621
PH :
Frederick V, Elector Palatine, placed under the ban of the Holy Roman Empire; war moves from Bohemia to the Palatinate
PH :
Francis Bacon, charged in Parliament with corruption, is fined £40,000, imprisoned, and declared incapable of holding office; pardoned by the King
PH :
Philip III of Spain dies; succeeded by his son Philip IV
PH :
Huguenot rebellion against Louis XIII
PH :
Twelve years truce between Holland and Spain ends; war resumed
LT :
Fortune Theatre, London, burnt down
RP :
Robert Burton: The Anatomy of Melancholy
RP :
Pope Paul V dies; Alexander Ludovisi becomes Pope Gregory XV
ST :
English attempt to colonise Newfoundland and Nova Scotia
ST :
Dutch West India Company chartered
ST :
Johann Kepler: The Epitome of the Copernican Astronomer banned by the Roman Catholic Church
ED :
University of Strasbourg opened
DL :
Corante, or newes from Italy, Germany, Hungarie, Spaine, and France, first periodical published with news issued in London
DL :
Potatoes planted in Germany for first time
LT :
Andrew Marvell born 31 March
LT :
Henry Vaughan born 17 April
M :
Jan Pieterszoon Sweelinck dies 16 October
1622
PH :
Ferdinand II and Bethlen Gabor sign peace treaty
PH :
Treaty of Montpellier ends rebellion of the Huguenots
PH :
James I dissolves Eng. Parliament
ED :
Francis Bacon: History of the Regin of Henry VII
RP :
Jaboc Böhme: De signatura rerum
RP :
Pope Gregory XV canonises Philip Neri and grants Piarists a constitution
RP :
Bacon: Historia naturalis et experiementalis
ED :
Benedictine University of Salzburg founded
RP :
Camillio Baldo: Treatise of How to Perceive from a Letter the Nature and Character of the Person Who Wrote It
DL :
Papal chancellery adopts 1 January as beginning of the year - up to then, 25 March
DL :
Weekeley Newes issued in London for the first time
1623
PH :
Commercial treaty between Holland and Persia
PH :
Gustavus Adolphus reforms central administration of Sweden
LT :
Maciej Sarbiewski, the "Polish Horace", crowned laureate in Rome by the Pope
RP :
William Drummond: A Cypresse Grove philosophical thoughts on death
RP :
Pope Gregor XV dies; Maffeo Barberini becomes Pope Urban VIII
ED :
Bibliotheca Palatina removed from Heidelberg to Rome
ST :
New Netherlands in America formally organised as a province
ST :
First Eng. settlement in New Hampshire
DL :
Patents law in England, to protect inventors
M :
William Byrd dies 4 July
1624
M :
Girolamo Frescobaldi : Book of caprices
M :
Samuel Scheidt : Tabulatura Nova
PH :
James I's last Parliament; monopolies declared illegal
PH :
England declares war on Spain
PH :
Virginia Company charter annulled; Virginia becomes crown colony
PH :
Cardinal Richelieu made first minister of France
LT :
Saruwaka Kanzaburo opens first Jap. theatre in Yedo
RP :
Lord Herbert of Cherbury: De veritate, foundation of theory of Eng. deism
RP :
John Donne: Devotions Upon Emergent Occasions
ST :
Henry Briggs: Arithmetica logarithmica
RP :
Antonio de Andrade leaves Jesuit mission at Agra to explore the Himalayas and Tibet
ED :
Pembroke College, Oxford, founded
ED :
Captain John Smith: A General Historie of Virginia, New England and the Summer Isles
ST :
Dutch settle in New Amsterdam
ST :
First Eng. settlement in eastern India
ST :
Johannes Baptista van Helmont, Belg. scientist, coins the name "gas" for compressible fluid
1625
LT :
Ben Jonson: The Staple of News
M :
Heinrich Schütz : Cantiones sacrae
PH :
James I of England (James VI of Scotland) dies; succeeded by Charles I of England and Scotland
DL :
Plague in London
LT :
Martin Opitz crowned poet laureate in Vienna
RP :
Francis Bacon: Of Masques and Triumphs
ED :
Hugo Grotius: De jure belli et pacis, on international law
RP :
Order of Sisters of Mercy founded in Paris
ST :
Johann Rudolf Glauber discovers Glauber's salt
DL :
First Eng. settlement on Barbados, under Sir William Courteen
DL :
First fire engines in England
DL :
Hackney coaches appear in streets of London
DL :
Introduction of full-bottomed wigs in Europe
VA :
Jan Brueghel the Elder dies
1626
M :
Heinrich Schütz : Der Psalter nach Cornelius Becker
PH :
Knighthoods for all Englishmen with property over £40 year, to help king's revenue
PH :
Peace of La Rochelle between Huguenots and Fr. crown
PH :
Treaty of Monzon between France and Spain confirms independence of the Grisons
PH :
Duchy of Urbino bequeathed to the Pope by last of the Della Rovere family
RP :
John Donne: Five Sermons
RP :
Joseph Hall: Contemplations
ED :
Irish College in Rome founded
RP :
Sir Henry Spelman: Glossarium archeologicum
M :
Professorship of music founded at Oxford University
ST :
Fr. "Company for the Islands of America" incorporated
ST :
Jardin des Plantes established in Paris
ST :
Salem, Mass settled
ST :
Santorio Santorio, Ital. physician, measures human temperature with the thermometer for the first time
DL :
A royal edict condemns anyone to death who kills his adversary in a duel in France
PH :
Peter Minuit, director-general of Dutch West India Company's settlement in N. America, buys the entire Island of Manhattan from native Indian chiefs
PH :
Dutch colony of New Amsterdam founded on Hudson river
M :
John Dowland dies 21 January
1627
LT :
Michael Drayton: The Battle of Agincourt, The Miseries of Queen Margaret, and Nymphidia, the Court of Faëry
M :
Girolamo Frescobaldi : Second Book of Toccatas
M :
Heinrich Schütz : Opera, Dafne
PH :
Huguenots rise again
PH :
Vincent II, Duke of Mantua, last of the Gonzagas, dies; Charles, Duke of Nevers, claims succession
PH :
Korea becomes a tributary state of China
PH :
Richelieu signs treaty with Spain
PH :
Shah Jahan, succeeding his father Jahangir, becomes the Great Mogul of India
LT :
Lope de Vega made theological doctor by the Pope
ED :
Collegium de Propaganda Fide founded
RP :
Gabriel Naude: Avis pour dresser une bibliothèque, on librarianship
RP :
Alessandro Tassoni: Manifesto, attacks the House of Savoy
M :
Heinrich Schütz: Dafne, first Ger. opera, libretto by Martin Opitz, given at Torgau
VA :
Francis Bacon: New Atlantis, plans for a national museum of science and art (posth.)
ST :
Charles I grants charter to the Guiana Company
ST :
Johann Kepler compiles the Rudophine Tables, giving places of 1,002 fixed stars
DL :
"Company of New France", Canada, incorporated by Richelieu
DL :
Swedish South Sea Company founded
1628
M :
Girolamo Frescobaldi : Book of instrumental canzoni
(revised in 1634)
PH :
Third Parliament of Charles I meets; Oliver Cromwell enters it as Member for Huntingdon
PH :
Swed-Dan. treaty for defence of Stralsund; Gustavus Adolphus enters Thirty Years' War
RP :
The Alexandrian Codex presented to Charles I by patriarch of Constantinople
ED :
Johann Amos Comenius: Informatorium der Mutterschul, on primary education
RP :
René Descartes: Règles pour la direction de l'esprit
RP :
Ignatius Loyola canonised by Pope Gregory XV
ED :
Henry Spelman: Glossary of Law Terms
ST :
First harbour with sluices being constructed at Le Havre
1629
LT :
Ben Jonson: The New Inn
M :
Heinrich Schütz : Symphoniae sacrae
I
PH :
Charles I dissolves Parliament; it does not meet again until 1640
PH :
Edict of restitution of church property in Germany, secularised since Peace of Augsburg in 1555
PH :
Peace of Susa ends war between England and France
PH :
Peace of Lübeck: Christian IV undertakes not to intervene in imperial affairs
PH :
Peace of Alais ends Huguenot revolt
PH :
Truce of Altmark signed between Sweden and Poland
PH :
Commercial treaty signed between Russia and France
RP :
Lancelot Andrewes: XCVI Sermons
RP :
Thomas Hobbes translates The Peloponnesian War by Thucydides
ST :
Dutch mathematician Albert Gerard uses brackets and other abbreviations in mathematics
ST :
John Parkinson: Paradisi in sole Paradisus terrestris, on flowers
DL :
Royal charter granted to Guild of Spectacle Makers, London
DL :
Colony of Massachusetts founded
1630
M :
Girolamo Frescobaldi : Arie Musicali
Two books of songs
PH :
John Winthrop, Engl. Puritan leader, sails with Plymouth Company's expedition, founds Boston - the "Great Migration"
PH :
Treaty of Madrid ends Anglo-Fr. war
PH :
"Day of Dupes" in France; Richelieu overthrow conspiracy of Maria de'Medici, the Queen Mother
LT :
Andres Christensen Arrabo initiates modern Dan. literature with his religious poem Hexaëmeron
RP :
Congregation of the Engl. Ladies founded in Munich
VA :
Beginning of the High Baroque period in Italy
ST :
Franic Higginson: New England's Plantation, on living conditions in America
DL :
Pirates of all nationalities, called "buccaneers", settle in Tortuga
DL :
Eng. poet Sir John Suckling invents the card game cribbage
DL :
Fr. Philanthropist Théophraste Renaudot founds the Bureau d'adresse, a labor-exchange charity organisation
1631
LT :
Michael Drayton dies
PH :
Ger. Protestant princes hold a convention at Neu Brandenburg, and decide to form alliance with Gustavus Adolphus
PH :
Pope Urban VIII annexes Urbino
PH :
Maria de'Medici exile to Brussels
RP :
Friedrich Spee von Lagenfeld: Cautio criminalis, against witch-hunting
ST :
Dutch West India Company founds settlement at the Delaware River
ST :
Eng. mathematician William Oughtred proposes symbol "X" for multiplication
DL :
T. Renaudot founds the Gazette in Paris
DL :
Eng. settlement of Leeward Islands begins at St. Kitts
DL :
Earthquake in Naples; eruption of Vesuvius
LT :
John Donne dies 31 March
LT :
John Dryden born 9 August
1632
PH :
Queen Christina ascends throne of Sweden (five regents, headed by Chancellor Axel Oxenstierna, govern country)
PH :
Sigismund III, King of Poland, dies; succeeded by Vladislav IV
ST :
Antonio Bosio: Roma sotterranea, report on excavation of catacombs in Rome
ED :
John Davies: Welsh Dictionary
RP :
John Selden: Mare Clausum, on England's sovereignty of the sea
RP :
Johann Angelus Werdenhagen: Introductio universalis in omnes republicas, on comparative politics
M :
Monteverdi takes holy orders
ST :
Galileo: Dialogho sopra i due massimi sistemi del mondo published, on terrestrial double motion
ST :
Leiden University Observatory founded
DL :
First coffee shop opens in London
DL :
Eng. settlers in Antigua and Montserrat
DL :
Russian fur trade centre established in Yakutsk, Siberia
VA :
Johannes Vermeer born
M :
Jean-Baptiste Lully born 28 November
1633
LT :
Ben Jonson: A Tale of a Tub
LT :
Robert Herrick: A Priest to the Temple
PH :
Charles I crowned King of Scotland in Edinburgh
PH :
Charles I revives forest eyre to raise money by fines
RP :
Outbreak of plague in Bavaria leads to passion play vow in Oberammergau
ST :
Galileo forced by the Inquisition to abjure the theories of Copernicus
RP :
First Baptist church formed at Southwark, London
RP :
Edmund Spenser: A View of the Present State of Ireland (posth.)
RP :
John Cotton becomes a religious leader in Boston
ST :
Eng. trading post established in Bengal
PH :
Dutch settle in Connecticut
RP :
Trial of the Lancashire witches
DL :
The Royal Scots, oldest regular regiment in Brit. Army, established
DL :
Wind sawmill erected near the Strand, London
LT :
George Herbert dies 1 March
1634
M :
Marc-Antoine Charpentier born
PH :
Treaty of Polianovsky: King Vladislav of Poland renounces claim to Russia
RP :
The Oberammergau Passion Play given for first time; re-enacted every 10 years
RP :
Méric Casubon: The Meditations of the Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius
RP :
Anne Hutchinson, religious controversialist, migrates to Massachusetts
ST :
Jean Nicolet lands on Green Bay; explores Wisconsin
ED :
Founding of University of Utrecht
DL :
Covent Garden market, London, opened
1635
LT :
Richard Lovelace: The Scholars
M :
Girolamo Frescobaldi : Fiori musicale
PH :
Franco-Swed. treaty of alliance signed by Richelieu and Oxtenstierna
PH :
Peace of Prague signed between the Emperor Ferdinand II and the Elector John George of Saxony; Thirty Years' War is now a conflict between France and Sweden against the House of Hapsburg
PH :
Treaty of Stuhmsdorf: 20 year truce between Sweden and Poland
PH :
Treaty of St. Germain-en-Layes agrees on regular Fr. subsidies to the army of Bernhard of Saxe-Weimar
PH :
Dutch occupy Formosa, English Virgin Islands, French Martinique
RP :
Giulio Alenio, Ital. Jesuit, published first life of Christ in Chinese
RP :
Cornelius Jansen: Mars gallus, against Richelieu
ED :
Académie Française founded by Richelieu
ED :
Budapest University established
ED :
Eng. High and Latin Schook, Boston, Mass., oldest secondary school in N. America, founded
DL :
Speed limit on hackney coaches in London: 3 m.p.h.
DL :
First inland postal service in Britain between London and Edinburgh
DL :
Sale of tobacco in France restricted to apothecaries, only on doctors' prescriptions
1636
LT :
Thomas Traherne born
M :
Heinrich Schütz : Kleine geistliche Concerte
Book I
PH :
The Emperor Ferdinand II has his son, Archduke Ferdinand, elected Ferdinand III, King of the Romans
PH :
Manchus proclaim the Ch'ing Dynasty at Muken
PH :
Dutch settle in Ceylon
LT :
Italian Fedeli Company performs Commedia dell'art at the Fr. court
RP :
Welsh Puritan Roger Williams banished from Mass; established Providence, R.I.; proclaims complete religious freedom
RP :
Peter Heylyn: The History of the Sabbath
RP :
George Sandys: A Paraphrase Upon the Psalmes
M :
Fr. theorist Marin Mersenne publishes his most important work, Harmonie Universelle, with full descriptions of all contemporary musical instruments
Ferdinand II dies; succeeded as Holy Roman Emperor by his son Ferdinand III
PH :
Bogislav XIV, last Duke of Pomerania dies
PH :
William Prynne, Puritan parliamentarian condemned, with Henry Burton and John Bastwick, for seditious writing, to be pilloried and mutilated
PH :
Extermination of Christianity in Japan; prohibition of foreign books; European contacts prohibited
RP :
Thomas Hobbes: A Briefe of the Art of Rhetorique, based on Aristotle
RP :
Introduction of new liturgy into Scotland causes riots
LT :
Teatro San Cassiano, first public opera house, opens in Venice
ST :
René Descartes: Géométrie
PH :
Eng. emigration to America restricted by royal proclamation
DL :
Eng. traders established in Canton
ST :
Fr. traders settle at St. Louis, at mouth of the Senegal River
DL :
Commercial collapse of Dutch tulip trade
LT :
Ben Jonson dies 6 August
1638
M :
Claudio Monteverdi : Book VIII of Madrigals, Madrigali guerrieri e amorosi
('Madrigals of War and Love') including 'The Combat Between Tancredi and Clorinda')
PH :
Elector of Brandenburg moves his capital to Königsberg
PH :
Franco-Swed. alliance renewed for three years
LT :
Schouwburg Theatre opens in Amsterdam
RP :
William Chillingworth: The Religion of Protestants a Safe Way to Salvation
RP :
Scot. Covenant drawn up and signed; Charles I abandons liturgy and canons in Scotland
ST :
Galileo : Discorsi e Dimonstrazioni Matematiche
RP :
Anne Hutchinson, leader of the New England Antinomians, is banished from Boston, Mass, and sets up a community in Rhode Island
DL :
New Haven, Conn, founded
DL :
Soldier-student becomes a common type in Germany
DL :
Torture abolished in England
PH :
21 September - The Treaty of Hartford ends Pequot War: Surviving Pequot are divided as slaves among Indian allies and English, Pequot forbidden to inhabit former Pequot territory, and
the name Pequot is to be expunged
1639
M :
Heinrich Schütz : Kleine geistliche Concerte
Book II
PH :
First Bishops' War in Scotland; episcopacy abolished in Scotland
LT :
Drury Lane Theatre, London, receives its first patent
ED :
Académie Française compiles dictionary of the Fr. language
M :
Marco Marazzoli and Vergilio Mazzochi: Chi soffre, speri, first comic opera
ST :
Gérard Désargues published his book on modern geometry
ST :
William Gascoigne invents micrometer
ST :
Jeremiah Horrocks observes the transit of Venus, which he had predicted
ST :
Quinine increasingly used for medicinal purposes
DL :
English settle at Madras
DL :
First printing press in N. America at Cambridge, Mass
1640
M :
Claudio Monteverdi : Opera, Il Ritorno d'Ulisse in Patria
('The Return of Ulysses to his Homeland')
PH :
Short Parliament (April-May) and Long Parliament (November-1653) in England
PH :
Second Bishops' War
PH :
Portugal becomes independent under John IV of Braganza
PH :
Elector George William of Brandenburg dies; succeeded by the "Great Elector" Frederick William
PH :
Sultan Murad IV of Turkey dies; succeeded by Sultan Ibrahim
RP :
John Donne: Eighty Sermons (posth.)
RP :
John Eliot: Bay Psalm Book, oldest surviving book printed in America
RP :
Cornelius Jansen: Augustinus, treatise against Jesuit doctrines (posth.)
RP :
John Milton: Of Reformation Touching Church discipline in England
ED :
Abo University, Finland, founded
ST :
Coke made from coal for first time
ST :
James Howell: Dondona's Grove, or The Vocall Forrest, manual of dendrology
ST :
John Parkinson: Theatrum botanicum, a herbal
DL :
Eng. settlers found Fort St. George in Bengal
DL :
First European café opens in Venice
DL :
Eight postal lines running in England
VA :
Peter Paul Rubens dies
1641
PH :
Massacre of the Ulster Protestants; Catholic rebellion in Ireland
RP :
René Descartes: Méditations métaphysiques
ED :
William Habington: Observations Upon Historie
PH :
General Court of Massachusetts Bay Company codifies 100 laws
RP :
George Wither: Hallelujah, or Britain's Second Remembrances, collection of hymns
ST :
Arsenic prescribed for medicinal purposes for first time
ST :
Cotton goods begin to be manufactured in Manchester
DL :
Diurnal Occurrences, a weekly periodical issued in London
PH :
French settle in Michigan
DL :
Théophraste Renaudot publishes his plan for free medical treatment of needy in Paris; three years later faculty of medicine forbids him to practice
VA :
Sir Anthony van Dyck dies
1642
M :
Claudio Monteverdi : Opera, L'Incoronazione di Poppea
('The Coronation of Poppea')
PH :
Charles I marches to Westminster to arrest five members of the Commons; attempt fails; he flees with his family to Hampton Court
PH :
Eng. Civil War begins
DL :
Inflation in Spain
LT :
All theatres in England closed by order of the Puritans
RP :
Johann Amos Comenius: A Reformation of Schooles, trans by Samuel Hartlib
RP :
Thomas Fuller: The Holy State and the Profane State
RP :
Thomas Hobbes: De cive
ED :
James Howell: Instruction for Foreign Travel
RP :
Thomas Lechford: Plain Dealing, or Newes from New England, political survey
RP :
Pope Urban VIII issues bull Universa per Orbem, reducing annual feast days to 32
ST :
Abel Tasman discovers Tasmania and New Zealand
ED :
University of Ancona founded
DL :
Income and property tax introduced in England
DL :
Loire-Seine canal finished
DL :
Montreal, Canada, founded
1643
PH :
Unsuccessful peace talks between the Cavaliers and Roundheads at Oxford
PH :
Louis XIII of France dies; succeeded by his five-year-old son Louis XIV with Mazarin as principal minister
PH :
Anne of Austria, the Queen Mother, invested with supreme power
